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We report the case of a 71-year-old male who presented with squamous cell carcinoma of the renal pelvis in a solitary functioning kidney, 34 years after orchidectomy and adjuvant retroperitoneal radiotherapy for stage II seminoma. This rare second malignancy occurred in the radiation treatment field. Second malignancies are an uncommon but serious sequela of radiotherapy, with potential for significant...
To establish reliable noninvasive in vivo methods to detect, measure, and monitor experimentally induced urothelial tumors in mice. UPII-SV40T transgenic mice reliably develop bladder tumors by expression of simian virus 40 large T antigen specifically in bladder urothelium through the use of the uroplakin II promoter. Two wild-type and 10 UPII-SV40T transgenic mice were monitored for microhematuria...
Age-specific prostate-specific antigen (PSA) cutoffs were previously suggested and were found to miss significant cancers in older men. We assessed the influence of an age-adjusted PSA cutoff to optimize the diagnostic performance (sensitivity and specificity) of complexed PSA (cPSA) and total PSA (tPSA) in the differentiation of benign disease from prostate cancer using a contemporary referral patient...
Objectives. To investigate the influence of biopsy perineural invasion (PNI) on long-term prostate-specific antigen recurrence rates, final pathologic stage, and surgical margin status of men treated with radical prostatectomy. Radical prostatectomy offers the best chance for surgical cure when performed for organ-confined disease. However, the histologic identification of PNI on prostate biopsy has...
Objectives. To assess the diagnostic performance of complexed prostate-specific antigen (cPSA), total PSA (tPSA), and calculated free/total PSA (f/t PSA) ratios in the differentiation of benign disease from prostate cancer (CaP) using a contemporary patient cohort.Methods. The cPSA, tPSA, and calculated fPSA values were determined using the Bayer Immuno-1 system. To validate our calculated f/t PSA...
Objectives. A prostate biopsy data base derived from patients referred to private practice urologists was analyzed for the cancer diagnosis rates of the ''initial'' biopsy and the repeated biopsy performed within 1 year for those patients with a noncancer diagnosis.Methods. A retrospective analysis assessed 132,426 prostate biopsies received and processed by a single pathology laboratory between March...
The prosthetic urinary sphincter has contributed significantly to the improved management of urinary incontinence during the past 25 years. However, the safety of these devices in immunosuppressed patients is not well reported. We describe the successful insertion of the AMS 800 artificial urinary sphincter in two renal transplant recipients.
Objectives. To evaluate the efficacy of applying an age-specific prostate-specific antigen (PSA) reference range to determine whether prostate biopsies are warranted in men 60 to 69 years of age. We estimated the incidence of clinically significant prostate cancer in men in their sixties with PSA levels of 4.01 to 4.50 ng/mL and normal digital rectal examinations (DRE).Methods. We reviewed 203 sextant...
Objectives: To determine the sensitivity and specificity of combining fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) measurement of chromosome 9 and DNA cytometry of bladder irrigation specimens in the detection of bladder cancer.Methods: Bladder irrigation specimens were obtained from 37 normal control patients and 317 bladder cancer patients during cystoscopic examinations. Bladder cancer patients were...
Objectives. To examine the relationship between positive prostate biopsy rates and age over the range of serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) concentrations of 4 to 10 ng/mL.Methods. The rates for adenocarcinoma were calculated for prostate biopsy specimens received at UroCor Inc., Oklahoma City, Oklahoma between April 1995 and June 1997. The selection criteria were as follows: men between 50 and...
Objectives. The bacteriostatic gas nitric oxide (NO) is formed when nitrite is acidified. Infected urine may contain considerable amounts of nitrite as a result of bacterial nitrate reductase activity, and detection of nitrite in urine is routinely used in the diagnosis of bacterial cystitis. We sought to determine whether NO was generated from acidified nitrite-containing urine. Furthermore,...
Objectives. A role for nitric oxide (NO) has been suggested in inflammation and host defense. At higher concentrations, this gas shows cytotoxic effects that may be directed against microorganisms, tumor cells as well as host cells. The aim of the present study was to study the relationship between bladder mucosal inflammation and local production of NO.Methods. We measured NO directly in the...
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