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The catalytic efficiency of CeO2 carriers and the catalytic properties of palladium (Pd) nanocrystals loaded on different morphology CeO2 carrier were studied for lean methane (CH4) combustion. The catalytic activity of simple CeO2 carriers was ranked in the order of rod-CeO2(r-CeO2) > cube-CeO2(c-CeO2) > octahedral-CeO2(o-CeO2). After the Pd species was loaded on CeO2, 90% of CH4 was converted...
Hydrogen transfer property is of great importance in the carbonization of heavy oils. Thermal treatment under hydrogen was performed on a raw slurry oil (SO) from FCC process. The theoretical hydrogen-donating property of SO fractions before and after treatment was predicted by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography coupled with time-of-flight mass spectrometry. The hydrogen-transfer experiments...
This paper focused on flame shape and burning rate of n-heptane pool fires beneath an arced ceiling. To investigate the influence of constraint effect, a sequence of scale-model experiments were conducted with varying transverse fire locations. Also, the different pool aspect ratios and layouts were also considered. The results showed that the flame front produced vortices beneath the arced ceiling...
Ionic liquids have been considered for application in petroleum separation (especially in unconventional oil production) as interfacial functional materials at pure state or aqueous solution state. Herein, the interactions between bitumen and silica in ionic liquids (i.e., [Emim][BF4]) aqueous solution and pure ionic liquids have been investigated by dynamic contact angle, atomic force microscopy...
A series of zirconium and molybdenum species incorporated into ordered mesoporous silicate KIT-6 (ZrMo-KIT-6) materials were designed and synthesized from a one-pot hydrothermal method. The influences of Zr and Mo contents and calcination temperature in ordered mesoporous structure and existing states of introduced Zr and Mo species were systematically researched by SXRD, N2-physisorption, TEM, elemental...
The late-injection strategy (close after main-injection) of common-rail diesel engine is capable of enhancing combustion turbulence and reducing particulate matter (PM) emissions. In this work, experimental study was performed to investigate the effect of diesel late-injection on combustion and emissions characteristics of diesel/methanol dual fuel (DMDF) engine. The experiments were carried out at...
Operating conditions and fuel properties are important to the atomization quality, which is an inevitable problem that the liquid fuel has to face, specifically for new alternative fuels. One of the recognized atomization methods is the liquid sheet formed by the oblique fuel jet or spray impinging onto a plate in a direct injection (DI) engine. In this paper, a series of experiments that deal with...
Thickened flame (TF) model is one of the effective methods to resolve the flame front in turbulent premixed combustion modeling. The multi-step reaction mechanism is becoming increasingly important for combustion simulations such as pollutant formation, ignition and extinction. The effect of TF model on flame structures when coupling with multi-step reaction mechanism was investigated. The simulation...
As there are numerous coalbed methane (CBM) wells with low or zero gas production after traditional hydraulic fracturing in China, new technologies are needed for both the secondary stimulation of these wells and new wells’ stimulation. Based on the results of laboratory tests and theoretical analysis, this paper, the first of a two-part series, demonstrates the theory of a new combined stimulation...
Investigations of natural gas hydrate dissociation from a slurry to a water-in-oil emulsion are conducted in a high-pressure hydrate experimental flow loop equipped with on-line microcosmic instruments including a focused beam reflectance measurement (FBRM) probe and a particle video microscope (PVM) probe. Three stages of the dissociation processes are observed and sketched in a conceptual mechanistic...
Gas leakage fire is increasingly common with urbanization and industrialization. Understanding of the entrainment behavior of the jet flame is significant to improve the fuel security management and fire prevention strategy. Many studies have been done in still air and limited studies have focused on the air entrainment of the jet flame under crossflow. This work firstly deduced an expression of the...
In the present study, a novel route of upgrading lignin pyrolysis vapor to aromatic hydrocarbons was investigated. Guaiacol was used as model compound to investigate the coupling conversion of pyrolysis vapor and methanol. Co-feeding methanol obviously facilitated the conversion of guaiacol to aromatic hydrocarbons and inhibited coke formation. HZSM-5, Al-MCM-41 and γ-Al2O3 catalysts were screened,...
The enhancement of biohydrogen production from grass was investigated by addition of Fe2+, and the microbial community, microbial activity and kinetic models analysis were used to explore the improving mechanisms of Fe2+ addition. The results showed that Fe2+ could significantly improve hydrogen fermentation efficiency of grass. The highest hydrogen yield achieved 72.8 mL/g-dry grass at the Fe2+ addition...
Mn, Fe, Mo or W as a promotor was introduced into ZrO2-TiO2-Al2O3 (ZTA) composite oxides by impregnation method, in order to examine the influence of these promotors on catalytic activity and coking behaviors during n-decane cracking. The as-prepared catalysts were characterized by several different techniques: N2 adsorption –desorption, X-ray diffraction (XRD), temperature programmed desorption of...
In ethanol/diesel dual-fuel engines, premixed ethanol/air atmosphere could affect the ignition delay of diesel spray as well as the following soot formation. In this paper, a reduced mechanism describing the chemistry of ethanol and n-heptane was composed and validated with various experimental data. Based on this mechanism, simulations were conducted to investigate the combustion characteristics...
Shenhua (SH) demineralized char was employed to determine the relationship between the char conversion ratio and the surface behavior of particles. The amount, distribution and thermal stability of C(O) generated during the combustion process were clarified by temperature-programmed desorption (TPD) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). CO2 was the primary gaseous product released during...
In this paper, the minimum ignition energy (MIE) for methane in an atmosphere of CO2/O2 is measured at 0.1–0.7 MPa and 183–273 K using a gas explosion experimental device that is able to withstand a temperature as low as 113 K. Effects of initial temperature (T0) and initial pressure (P0) on MIE are studied via experiment and a simple theoretical analysis. Results indicate that in our experimental...
Dedicated exhaust gas recirculation is an attractive way to improve the performances of internal combustion engines. Hydrogen (H2) and carbon monoxide (CO) are primary combustible components in the reforming cylinder. Detailed knowledge of the effects of H2/CO on knock tendency and intensity and even lean limit is essential for the better utilization of this sort of technologies. In this paper, the...
Based on the theory and technology of combined stimulation, this paper, the second of a two-part series, presents an application of the combined stimulation technology to a low-deliverability CBM well in the Sunan Syncline, Anhui Province, China. During the stimulation, a low-damage fracturing fluid was adopted. Based on the laboratory test results, the property of the low-damage fracturing fluid...
Nitrogen oxides are harmful to human health and environment. In this study, the oxidation removal of NO through a new in situ Fenton (IF) system was investigated. The independent effects of gas flow rate, initial pH, Fe2+/H2O2 molar ratio and reagent temperature were discussed preliminarily. For the first three factors, the oxidation efficiencies of NO increased with the increase of the values and...
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