Search results for: William L. Quinton

Items from 1 to 20 out of 30 results

article

Long‐term trends in wetland event response with permafrost thaw‐induced landscape transition and hummock development

Kristine M. Haynes, Ian Frederick, Brenden Disher, Olivia Carpino, more

Northwestern Canada's discontinuous permafrost landscape is transitioning rapidly due to permafrost thaw, with the conversion of elevated, forested peat plateaus to low‐lying, treeless wetlands. Increasing hydrological connectivity leads to partial drainage of previously isolated wetlands, which subsequently develop hummock–hollow microtopography. Ultimately, the ecohydrological feedbacks associated...

article

Sensitivity of seasonal air temperature and precipitation, and onset of snowmelt, to Arctic Dipole modes across the Taiga Plains, Northwest Territories, Canada

Bhaleka D. Persaud, Laura E. Chasmer, William L. Quinton, Brent B. Wolfe, more

International Journal of Climatology > 42 > 16 > 9182 - 9199

Northern high latitudes are experiencing some of the greatest increases in air temperatures on Earth. Air temperatures (along with other modulating variables including precipitation and the onset of snowmelt) are influenced by atmospheric–oceanic circulation patterns, some of which are persistent and recurrent. One pattern in particular, the Arctic Dipole (AD) anomaly, is a persistent sea‐level pressure...

article

The implications of permafrost thaw and land cover change on snow water equivalent accumulation, melt and runoff in discontinuous permafrost peatlands

Ryan F. Connon, Laura Chasmer, Emily Haughton, Manuel Helbig, more

Hydrological Processes > 35 > 9 > n/a - n/a

In the discontinuous permafrost zone of the Northwest Territories (NWT), Canada, snow covers the ground surface for half the year. Snowmelt constitutes a primary source of moisture supply for the short growing season and strongly influences stream hydrographs. Permafrost thaw has changed the landscape by increasing the proportional coverage of permafrost‐free wetlands at the expense of permafrost‐cored...

article

The hydrology of treed wetlands in thawing discontinuous permafrost regions

Brenden S. Disher, Ryan F. Connon, Kristine M. Haynes, Christopher Hopkinson, more

Ecohydrology > 14 > 5 > n/a - n/a

In peatland‐dominated regions of discontinuous permafrost, widespread permafrost thaw has led to an expansion of treed wetlands on the landscape. Treed wetlands have greater topographic variation than the collapse scar wetlands from which they evolved, but their hydrological role in the landscape has not been identified. This study examines the development of treed wetlands, and characterises their...

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The role of hummocks in re‐establishing black spruce forest following permafrost thaw

Kristine M. Haynes, Jessica Smart, Brenden Disher, Olivia Carpino, more

Ecohydrology > 14 > 3 > n/a - n/a

Northwestern Canada's discontinuous permafrost landscape is transitioning rapidly due to permafrost thaw, with the conversion of elevated, forested peat plateaus to low‐lying, treeless wetlands. Increasing hydrological connectivity leads to partial drainage of previously‐isolated bogs, which have been observed to subsequently develop hummock microtopography. However, the role of microtopographic features...

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Hydrological resilience to forest fire in the subarctic Canadian shield

Christopher Spence, Newell Hedstrom, Suzanne E. Tank, William L. Quinton, more

Hydrological Processes > 34 > 25 > 4940 - 4958

Understanding the role of forest fires on water budgets of subarctic Precambrian Shield catchments is important because of growing evidence that fire activity is increasing. Most research has focused on assessing impacts on individual landscape units, so it is unclear how changes manifest at the catchment scale enough to alter water budgets. The objective of this study was to determine the water budget...

article

Subsurface flow measurements using passive flux meters in variably‐saturated cold‐regions landscapes

Élise G. Devoie, Ryan F. Connon, James R. Craig, William L. Quinton

Hydrological Processes > 34 > 23 > 4541 - 4546

To date, passive flux meters have predominantly been applied in temperate environments for tracking the movement of contaminants in groundwater. This study applies these instruments to reduce uncertainty in (typically instantaneous) flux measurements made in a low‐gradient, wetland dominated, discontinuous permafrost environment. This method supports improved estimation of unsaturated and over‐winter...

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Fluvial CO₂ and CH₄ patterns across wildfire‐disturbed ecozones of subarctic Canada: Current status and implications for future change

Ryan H. S. Hutchins, Suzanne E. Tank, David Olefeldt, William L. Quinton, more

Global Change Biology > 26 > 4 > 2304 - 2319

Despite occupying a small fraction of the landscape, fluvial networks are disproportionately large emitters of CO₂ and CH₄, with the potential to offset terrestrial carbon sinks. Yet the extent of this offset remains uncertain, because current estimates of fluvial emissions often do not integrate beyond individual river reaches and over the entire fluvial network in complex landscapes. Here we studied...

article

Transient and Transition Factors in Modeling Permafrost Thaw and Groundwater Flow

Joelle E. Langford, Robert A. Schincariol, Ranjeet M. Nagare, William L. Quinton, more

Groundwater > 58 > 2 > 258 - 268

Permafrost covers approximately 24% of the Northern Hemisphere, and much of it is degrading, which causes infrastructure failures and ecosystem transitions. Understanding groundwater and heat flow processes in permafrost environments is challenging due to spatially and temporarily varying hydraulic connections between water above and below the near‐surface discontinuous frozen zone. To characterize...

article

Increased high‐latitude photosynthetic carbon gain offset by respiration carbon loss during an anomalous warm winter to spring transition

Zhihua Liu, John S. Kimball, Nicholas C. Parazoo, Ashley P. Ballantyne, more

Global Change Biology > 26 > 2 > 682 - 696

Arctic and boreal ecosystems play an important role in the global carbon (C) budget, and whether they act as a future net C sink or source depends on climate and environmental change. Here, we used complementary in situ measurements, model simulations, and satellite observations to investigate the net carbon dioxide (CO₂) seasonal cycle and its climatic and environmental controls across Alaska and...

article

Evaluating the suitability of three gridded‐datasets and their impacts on hydrological simulation at Scotty Creek in the southern Northwest Territories, Canada

Bhaleka D. Persaud, Paul H. Whitfield, William L. Quinton, Lindsay E. Stone

Hydrological Processes > 34 > 4 > 898 - 913

In the southern Northwest Territories (NWT), long time series of historical observations of climate and hydrology are scarce. Gridded datasets have been used as an alternative to instrumental observations for climate analysis in this area, but not for driving models to understand hydrological processes in the southern NWT. The suitability of temperature and precipitation from three‐gridded datasets...

article

Seasonal ground ice impacts on spring ecohydrological conditions in a western boreal plains peatland

Brandon Van Huizen, Richard M. Petrone, Jonathan S. Price, William L. Quinton, more

Hydrological Processes > 34 > 3 > 765 - 779

Peatlands in the Western Boreal Plains act as important water sources in the landscape. Their persistence, despite potential evapotranspiration (PET) often exceeding annual precipitation, is attributed to various water storage mechanisms. One storage element that has been understudied is seasonal ground ice (SGI). This study characterized spring SGI conditions and explored its impacts on available...

article

Modelling the effects of permafrost loss on discharge from a wetland‐dominated, discontinuous permafrost basin

Lindsay E. Stone, Xing Fang, Kristine M. Haynes, Manuel Helbig, more

Hydrological Processes > 33 > 20 > 2607 - 2626

Permafrost degradation in the peat‐rich southern fringe of the discontinuous permafrost zone is catalysing substantial changes to land cover with expansion of permafrost‐free wetlands (bogs and fens) and shrinkage of forest‐dominated permafrost peat plateaux. Predicting discharge from headwater basins in this region depends upon understanding and numerically representing the interactions between storage...

article

Minor contribution of overstorey transpiration to landscape evapotranspiration in boreal permafrost peatlands

Rebecca K. Warren, Christoforos Pappas, Manuel Helbig, Laura E. Chasmer, more

Ecohydrology > 11 > 5 > n/a - n/a

Evapotranspiration (ET) is a key component of the water cycle, whereby accurate partitioning of ET into evaporation and transpiration provides important information about the intrinsically coupled carbon, water, and energy fluxes. Currently, global estimates of partitioned evaporative and transpiration fluxes remain highly uncertain, especially for high‐latitude ecosystems where measurements are scarce...

article

Direct and indirect climate change effects on carbon dioxide fluxes in a thawing boreal forest–wetland landscape

Manuel Helbig, Laura E. Chasmer, Ankur R. Desai, Natascha Kljun, more

Global Change Biology > 23 > 8 > 3231 - 3248

In the sporadic permafrost zone of northwestern Canada, boreal forest carbon dioxide (CO₂) fluxes will be altered directly by climate change through changing meteorological forcing and indirectly through changes in landscape functioning associated with thaw‐induced collapse‐scar bog (‘wetland’) expansion. However, their combined effect on landscape‐scale net ecosystem CO₂ exchange (NEE_LAND), resulting...

article

The positive net radiative greenhouse gas forcing of increasing methane emissions from a thawing boreal forest‐wetland landscape

Manuel Helbig, Laura E. Chasmer, Natascha Kljun, William L. Quinton, more

Global Change Biology > 23 > 6 > 2413 - 2427

At the southern margin of permafrost in North America, climate change causes widespread permafrost thaw. In boreal lowlands, thawing forested permafrost peat plateaus (‘forest’) lead to expansion of permafrost‐free wetlands (‘wetland’). Expanding wetland area with saturated and warmer organic soils is expected to increase landscape methane (CH₄) emissions. Here, we quantify the thaw‐induced increase...

article

On the use of mulching to mitigate permafrost thaw due to linear disturbances in sub-arctic peatlands

Aaron A. Mohammed, Robert A. Schincariol, William L. Quinton, Ranjeet M. Nagare, more

Ecological Engineering > 2017 > 102 > C > 207-223

The presence or absence of permafrost strongly influences the hydrology and ecology of northern watersheds. Resource exploration activities are currently having profound effects on hydrological and ecological processes in sub-arctic peatlands. In wetland-dominated zones of discontinuous permafrost, permafrost occurs below tree-covered peat plateaus where the tree-canopy and vadose zone act to insulate...

article

Contributions of C-Band SAR Data and Polarimetric Decompositions to Subarctic Boreal Peatland Mapping

Michael A. Merchant, Justin R. Adams, Aaron A. Berg, Jennifer L. Baltzer, more

IEEE Journal of Selected Topics in Applied Earth Observations and Remote... > 2017 > 10 > 4 > 1467 - 1482

The objective of this paper is to assess the accuracy of C-band synthetic aperture radar (SAR) datasets in mapping peatland types over a region of Canada's subarctic boreal zone. This paper assessed contributions of quad-polarization linear backscatter intensities (σ°HH, σ°HV, σ°VV), image textures, and two polarimetric scattering decompositions: 1) Cloude–Pottier, and 2) Freeman–Durden. Four quad-polarimetric...

article

Regional atmospheric cooling and wetting effect of permafrost thaw‐induced boreal forest loss

Manuel Helbig, Karoline Wischnewski, Natascha Kljun, Laura E. Chasmer, more

Global Change Biology > 22 > 12 > 4048 - 4066

In the sporadic permafrost zone of North America, thaw‐induced boreal forest loss is leading to permafrost‐free wetland expansion. These land cover changes alter landscape‐scale surface properties with potentially large, however, still unknown impacts on regional climates. In this study, we combine nested eddy covariance flux tower measurements with satellite remote sensing to characterize the impacts...

article

Hydrological impacts of seismic lines in the wetland‐dominated zone of thawing, discontinuous permafrost, Northwest Territories, Canada

Michael Braverman, William L. Quinton

Hydrological Processes > 30 > 15 > 2617 - 2627

Intensive seismic exploration in the Northwest Territories began in the late 1960s. Since that time, the legacy of seismic surveys – i.e. straight lines cutting through boreal forest and tundra – has remained visible throughout northern Canada and Alaska. The removal of trees and compaction of the ground surface alter the thermophysical properties of the active (i.e. seasonally thawed) layer to such...

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Search results for: William L. Quinton

Long‐term trends in wetland event response with permafrost thaw‐induced landscape transition and hummock development

Sensitivity of seasonal air temperature and precipitation, and onset of snowmelt, to Arctic Dipole modes across the Taiga Plains, Northwest Territories, Canada

The implications of permafrost thaw and land cover change on snow water equivalent accumulation, melt and runoff in discontinuous permafrost peatlands

The hydrology of treed wetlands in thawing discontinuous permafrost regions

The role of hummocks in re‐establishing black spruce forest following permafrost thaw

Hydrological resilience to forest fire in the subarctic Canadian shield

Subsurface flow measurements using passive flux meters in variably‐saturated cold‐regions landscapes

Fluvial CO₂ and CH₄ patterns across wildfire‐disturbed ecozones of subarctic Canada: Current status and implications for future change

Transient and Transition Factors in Modeling Permafrost Thaw and Groundwater Flow

Increased high‐latitude photosynthetic carbon gain offset by respiration carbon loss during an anomalous warm winter to spring transition

Evaluating the suitability of three gridded‐datasets and their impacts on hydrological simulation at Scotty Creek in the southern Northwest Territories, Canada

Seasonal ground ice impacts on spring ecohydrological conditions in a western boreal plains peatland

Modelling the effects of permafrost loss on discharge from a wetland‐dominated, discontinuous permafrost basin

Minor contribution of overstorey transpiration to landscape evapotranspiration in boreal permafrost peatlands

Direct and indirect climate change effects on carbon dioxide fluxes in a thawing boreal forest–wetland landscape

The positive net radiative greenhouse gas forcing of increasing methane emissions from a thawing boreal forest‐wetland landscape

On the use of mulching to mitigate permafrost thaw due to linear disturbances in sub-arctic peatlands

Contributions of C-Band SAR Data and Polarimetric Decompositions to Subarctic Boreal Peatland Mapping

Regional atmospheric cooling and wetting effect of permafrost thaw‐induced boreal forest loss

Hydrological impacts of seismic lines in the wetland‐dominated zone of thawing, discontinuous permafrost, Northwest Territories, Canada

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