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Invasive Salmonellosis caused by Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi or Paratyphi A, B, C, or invasive non-typhoidal Salmonella serotypes, is an immensely important disease cluster for which reliable, rapid diagnostic tests are not available. Blood culture remains the gold standard but is insensitive, slow, and resource-intensive. Existing molecular diagnostics have poor sensitivity due to the low...
Shoulder pain is a common transient side-effect of vaccination. Infrequently, patients can develop prolonged shoulder pain and dysfunction following vaccination. A series of 13 cases are described in which persistent shoulder dysfunction and pain developed following immunization. Common clinical characteristics include absence of a history of prior shoulder dysfunction, previous exposure to vaccine...
Shigellosis is a major cause of morbidity and mortality among children in low-resource countries. Promising vaccine strategies in development include genetically attenuated Shigella, killed whole cell vaccines, subcellular vaccines, and O-polysaccharide–protein conjugates. There is a concern that Shigella vaccines could either induce reactive arthritis or could prime vaccinees for arthritis after...
Antibodies specific for Vibrio cholerae lipopolysaccaride (LPS) are common in humans recovering from cholera, and constitute a primary component of the vibriocidal response, a serum complement-mediated bacteriocidal response correlated with protection against cholera. In order to determine whether transcutaneous immunization (TCI) with a V. cholerae neoglycoconjugate (CHO-BSA) comprised of a synthetic...
In order to compare the ability of transcutaneous and oral immunization strategies to induce mucosal and systemic immune responses, we inoculated mice transcutaneously with cholera toxin (CT) or the non-toxic B subunit of cholera toxin (CtxB), or orally with Peru2(pETR1), an attenuated vaccine strain of Vibrio cholerae expressing CtxB. In addition, we also evaluated dual immunization regimens (oral...
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