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Multi-bit optical memories based on a monolithic 128-channel array of photonic crystal nanocavities on a Si chip and a 32-channel array of nanocavities with a built-in buried heterostructure on an InP chip are demonstrated.
An ultra-low threshold current of 24 μA was achieved for an electrically-driven photonic crystal nanocavity laser with an InAlAs sacrificial layer to reduce leakage current under continuous-wave operation at room temperature.
We demonstrate the 10-Gbit/s direct modulation of optically pumped photonic-crystal (PhC) nanocavity lasers at up to 100°C by using an InGaAlAs multiple-quantum-well (MQW) structure as an active region. The device exhibits an output power exceeding 20 µW and a maximum 3-dB bandwidth of 8.3 GHz at an operating temperature of 100°C. In addition, when the laser is modulated at 10 Gbit/s, low energy costs...
Recently, photonic crystals have enabled a variety of ultrasmall photonic devices with extremely small energy consumption of ∼fJ/bit level, suggesting that we can integrate a vast number of nanophotonic devices in a single chip. This technology may give us a way to introduce high-speed integrated photonics in an information processing chip, which will be crucial in future ICT.
We fabricate electrically driven wavelength-scale embedded active-region photonic-crystal lasers using ion implantation and diffusion methods. The device begins continuous wave lasing at room temperature, and has a threshold current of 0.48 mA.
We demonstrate direct modulation of an electrically driven photonic crystal nanocavity laser for the first time. Employing ultracompact embedded active-region and lateral current injection structure, the device operates at 10 Gbit/s with ultra-low operating energy.
The attractiveness of a photonic crystal can be attributed to its unique optical characteristics. Specifically, the photonic crystal cavity provides strong light confinement, and enables the switching of light with very low threshold power. In a conventional process, to add this functionality, we have to modify its periodical structure during the CAD data processing step before electron beam lithography...
Photonic crystals were proposed over two decades ago to realize strong light confinement via their perfect photonic bandgaps, but the expected ultrahigh- wavelength-sized cavities were achieved just recently in a slightly different system that has only a partial bandgap, more specifically, a modulated mode-gap cavity in a 2-D photonic crystal. It is now possible to store photons for over a nanosecond...
We propose a three-terminal device based on an optical injection-locked photonic crystal laser to achieve high-speed off-chip interconnection to meet future network-on-chip needs. 40 Gb/s large-signal direct modulation and more than three times bandwidth enhancement are demonstrated.
We demonstrate enhanced optical nonlinearity in a coupled-resonator optical waveguide comprised of 200 silicon photonic crystal nanocavities. We have obtained the effective nonlinear constant γ as 6,600 /W/m through the four wave mixing experiment.
We demonstrate the continuous-wave (CW) operation of photonic-crystal (PhC) nanocavity lasers at up to 80°C by using InP buried heterostructures (BH). The wavelength of a PhC laser can be precisely designed over a wide range exceeding 100 nm by controlling the lattice constant of the PhC. The dynamic responses of the PhC laser are also demonstrated. These results reveal the laser's availability for...
In recent years a variety of cutting-edge nanophotonics technologies, such as plasmonics, photonic crystals, nano-wires, nano-particles, are extensively studied. They have already demonstrated various device performances surpassing those of conventional photonic devices based on ordinary materials. Most of these technologies are enabling ultrasmall photonic devices that can be densely integrated in...
We demonstrate highly enhanced optical nonlinearity in a coupled-resonator optical waveguide (CROW) in a four-wave mixing experiment. Using a CROW consisting of two-hundred coupled resonators of width-modulated photonic crystal nanocavities in a line defect, we obtained an effective nonlinear constant exceeding 10,000 /W/m.
We fabricated photonic crystal slow-light waveguide using high-resolution e-beam lithography, and demonstrated a high tunable resolution of 36 by local heating. This value is further improved to 110 by compressing output pulse. We applied it to optical correlator, and observed sub-picosecond pulse at a scanning frequency of 1 kHz.
We reveal that a Si-wire-compatible SOI one-dimensional photonic crystal nanocavity can have a numerical Q as high as 108 with a modal volume of less than 1 (λ/n)3. An experimental Q of 360,000 is observed.
We describe the room temperature CW operation of an ultra-small buried heterostructure photonic crystal laser. The threshold power is only 1.5 µW, the fiber output power is 0.44 µW, and the 3-dB modulation speed is 5.5 GHz.
We studied the spatio-temporal behavior of the carriers in photonic crystal nanocavities and showed that diffusion enables fast switching, which is the advantage of nanocavity switches over other larger optical switches.
We demonstrate all-optical bistable memory operation with 1.3Q-InGaAsP photonic crystal nanocavities based on refractive index modulation caused by carrier-induced nonlinearity. The minimum bias power for bistability is extremely low at a few tens of μW and the operating energy required for switching is only 30 fJ.
A pulse delay corresponding to a slow group velocity of ∼0.008c was observed in a low-loss coupled cavity waveguide formed by 60 photonic crystal nanocavities whose intrinsic Q was as high as 106.
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