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The techniques of mathematical modelling are more and more often used when solving ecological problems. The process of constructing economico-ecologic models is described as well as their most often met types and the main drawbacks of this type of technique are given. To these drawbacks belong, e.g. the practice of imposing solutions by model designers who see the priority of problems in another way...
The history of two German fortresses in Coblenz and Cologne is given. Although from both these objects pulled down after the World War I not much was saved, after the World War II works were started to save the remains of these fortresses. The fortresses were adapted for touristic and cultural aims. Today the management of both these objects can be an example of how to utilize the values of old fortresses.
Автор предлагает 2 методы, которые служат ликвидации последствий длительного загрязнения озёр. Первый метод состоит в отведении вод из дна озера и может быть применён в малых озёрах, которые отличаются особенными природными качествами. Второй метод состоит в частичном засыпании дна озера на всей его поверхности пеплом из электростанции. Статья, как пишет редакция, дискуссионна, потому что проблема...
The authors discuss in a complex manner the ecological consequences of the development of the copper industry in Poland in the years 1960—1988. During this period the air became greatly polluted in almost the whole area of the province of Legnica and beyond it as well as a considerable pollution of the surface waters occurred. The industry took over the possession of approx. 150 km² of the grounds...
Utilizing of restorative energy sources is not free from unfavourable consequences. The author of the article discusses them in detail referring to water energy, geothermic energy, wind, seas and oceans, and the so-called satellite power engineering. Taking as an example hydro-electric power stations the following adverse effects take place: inundation of agricultural grounds, necessity of displacing...
Hazards caused by high voltage power lines are discussed. In order to diminish the adverse effects in the areas surrounding these lines protective zones of the first and second degree are established. Dwelling in the zone of the first degree (the area with the electric field intensity exceeding 10 kV/m) is forbidden. On the other hand, in the zone of the second degree a temporary dwelling connected...
The course of realization of teaching environmental protection in the high scholls of the Kraków province is discussed. Lessons of this subject have been hold three years running, but in the trade schools this subject has been treated as an optional one (up till now it has been a complementary subject). Traditional patterns of teaching (work with literature, problem method) are predominant. Audio-visual...
An interesting experiment is presented which concerns the exploitation of the sewage treatment plant where the post suldge deposits are subjected to methane digestion. The thus obtained biogas is a source of energy for the technological needs of the sewage treatment plant. The author postulates for a universal application of this solution in other sewage treatment plants in Poland. It would be advantageous...
The Hel peninsula is threatened by destruction. Under the influence of succeeding gales it is being covered with sand, and in its neck, in the neighbourhood of the village Chałupy, it is only 60 meters wide. The inhabitants and the lovers of the peninsula which at the same time is the Seaside Landscape Park are in despair because of a lack of effective actions which could hinder the catastrophe. There...
Pollution of environment by heavy metals is caused by an increase in their content and accessibility in the biosphere, and first of alls in the trophic cycle, mainly in consequence of extracting, processing and using those metals. The scale of hazard is various and it depends on the location of emmiters, production technology, the prevailing winds, etc. There is no possibility of effective netralization...
Карпач — это популярный курорт и туристический центр расположен в районе Карконоского государственного заповедника. К сожалению в городе не существует соответствующая продуманная и современная туристическая инфраструктура, с помощью которой можно бы уменьшить чрезмерное туристическое движение по направлению к государственному заповеднику. В соответствующем времени не был обозначен защитный слой вокруг...
Taking up ground and depriving the soil of its productive abilities is the most dangerous symptom of the adverse influence of transportation on environment. There is no practical possibility to recover the lost grounds or the devastated soils. It deteriorates essentially the quantitative and qualitative state of the resources of cultivated lands which is connected directly with the alimentation of...
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