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The present paper is the effect of field work on Polish-Spanish bilingualism in Polish diaspora in Argentina, conducted in years 2009–2011 in the provinces of Buenos Aires, Santa Fe, Córdoba, and Misiones. It portrays four models of bilingualism which define the modern Polish diaspora in Argentina, each illustrated with linguistic biographies of selected respondents. The change of the research perspective...
In this paper, the author focuses primarily on several new functional styles, and such productive word-formative processes as compounding and affixation in modern Slavic languages. Minor processes like blending, clipping, and back formation are left aside. Based on large corpora and smaller hand-collected samples of electronic texts, the data has been drawn from advertising, daily press and the communicational...
The paper discusses the presence of foreign phraseological units and of their grammatical features in phraseological dictionaries of general Polish. The author adduces lexicographical descriptions of specific phrasemes from Polish and foreign words dictionaries, and compares them with corpus data. Based on these analyses, she proposes a set of detailed solutions which were implemented in Słownik elektroniczny...
The paper discusses Podhalan vocabulary contained in Andrzej Bańkowski’s Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego (SEBań) ‘Polish etymological dictionary’. It scrutinizes the information on the origin of words, and also their dating and other parts of Bańkowski’s commentary. By contrasting data from dialectal atlases and dialectal and etymological dictionaries, this author shows that the material found...
The article discusses the latest English nonce borrowings in Polish. The study, which is based on the project initiated by the Department of English Studies at Wrocław University, embraces ca. 800 units of varied complexity. The argument that arises from the analysis is that the category of nonce borrowings or “meteors” should be carefully distinguished from other related categories, if we take the...
The paper attempts to show aspects of bilingualism as investigated in the new light of such phenomena as code switching, interference, and errors. A bilingual is no longer seen as a sum of two monolinguals, but rather as a person with a varied linguistic and cultural repertoire which he or she can use, depending on the situation. Researchers such as Swiss linguist Bernard Py have shown the relationship...
The paper attempts to answer the question whether the fact that a semantic difference is solely determined by its context, suffices to justify forgoing it in a dictionary, or whether lexicographers should also take other factors into account. The author points out that a considerable part of regular semantic oppositions of nouns follow predictable patterns – which is not to say that all of the products...
The paper presents two perspectives on the question of transmission of cultural heritage, including the language of the country of origin, in the situation of immigration: the sociolinguistic (bilingual education and the role of the strategy chosen by the parents), and the sociological (linguistic transmission using the example of selected research on Polish emigrants).
This text is a reply to prof. Władysław Miodunka’s polemic on the proposition previously put forward by this author, to systematize the basic language pedagogical terminology. The opponent resents the use of the phrase “terminological chaos”. The author explains why he had used it, and answers several other minor objections. In this case, terminological chaos results not from that one term has multiple...
The paper summarizes research on Polish-foreign bilingualism in Poland and outside of its borders. It takes various works into account, regardless of whether their authors place bilingualism in the centre of their research interests, or only mention it in the background of considerations on the use of Polish in the given national or ethnic minority. Apart from works on modern Polish-foreign bilingualism,...
The paper reviews formations with the -wa suffix (and its variant -twa) in the Slavic languages in view of the state in Greater Polish dialects, where a striking domination of agentive personal names can be seen; linguistic kinships are indicated. An overview of derivatives in -wa is supplemented with nouns in -ba as there exist cases of word-formative doublets and resuffixation.
The paper attempts to demonstrate that metaphor fits in A. Kudra’s theory of conceptual pairness, and that it is a chiral object which contains two levels of chirality represented by asymmetric juxtapositions: source domain – target domain (the source domain is a distorted reflection of the object, i.e. of the target domain, which causes a shift in the perception of the source domain), and literal...
The article claims that many Polish dialectal plant names are not folk in their origin. The only way to ascertain the true origin of a given name is by analysing the history of the dialectal name and the related names in other languages. Such analysis leads to the conclusion that Polish dialectal names have various origins. A part of them constitute truly dialectal names, i.e. such that originate...
The paper presents problems related to texts that record the bilingual speech of their authors, carriers of two languages, L1 and L2. The bilingual author, while creating his or her text, drew from the verbal resources of both of his or her languages. The verbalized encounters of two codes in the text (code switching, code mixing and interference) constitute manifestations of bilingual speech. The...
The second part of this paper is a description of bilingual speech recorded in three aspects, the formal, the functional, and the one relating to genre studies. As a textual phenomenon, bilingual speech is characterized by transcodic markers, the traces of encounters between two languages: the matrix language L1 and the embedded language L2. The author introduces into the text linguistic correlates...
The present paper is a reply to a polemic published by prof. Elżbieta Muskat-Tabakowska under the title Pies wierny, ale uciążliwy, czyli o metaforze (Leśmiana i nie tylko) (‘A dog loyal but tiresome: on metaphor in Leśmian’s poetry and beyond’), in which she critically reviews this authors book Meta foryka Leśmiana. Analiza lingwistyczna (‘Metaphors in Leśmian’s poetry (A linguistic analysis)’)....
The paper consists of three parts. The first one introduces the basic assumptions of the linguistic culture theory, the first Polish linguistic guide, as it was reconstructed on the basis of Łukasz Górnicki’s Dworzanin polski ‘The Polish courtier’ (1566). The second part discusses Górnicki’s miniature Raczył ‘He deigned’ (1598) which, too, is evidence of his interest in linguistic matters. The paper...
The paper presents a project of an acoustic data base of Mazovian dialects, and shows how modern research methods of acoustic phonetics can be employed in dialectological practice. The projected data base is going to contain objective data, independent of the researcher’s hearing, in the form of target values of the rst two formants for both stressed and unstressed oral vowels in various consonant...
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