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In hot and humid climates such as in the Sultanate of Oman, the humidity puts extra load on the electric vapor-compression air conditioning (VAC) systems. Liquid and solid desiccants can reduce the moisture content of humid air and thus reduce the latent load imposed on the VAC systems. In the present work, the performance of air dehumidifiers using triethylene glygol (TEG) as desiccant was investigated...
The purpose of this study was to analyze the relationship between the part load performance and design performance of gas turbines and combined cycle plants. The effect of power control strategy on the part load performance of the combined cycle was also examined. The analysis was carried out using a proven cycle simulation program. Based upon the design performances of actual gas turbines, a consistent...
In accordance with the long-term policy objectives of the government of India for rural electrification, an off-grid woodfuel-based power plant for generation of grid quality electricity has been installed in a remote island of West Bengal. The present study focuses on technical performance of the largest biomass gasifier based power plant in India. Sustainability of such a power plant has been reviewed...
At a four-day energy workshop in Italy in September, 2002, 44 attendees, about half of the total, completed a questionnaire covering their travel (mode, distance) and monetary expenditures. These have been converted to direct and indirect energy requirements. Average total energy per respondent was 2.9 barrels of oil equivalent, of which 91% resulted from round trip travel of 6100 km. For comparison,...
The concentration of bed materials in a fluidized bed incinerator influences the reaction time, mass and heat transfer efficiency. These parameters significantly affect the combustion efficiency and the generation of pollutants in the waste incineration. This research studied the effect of concentration of bed materials on combustion efficiency during waste incineration. The size of bed materials,...
Securing forward contracts to manage procurement-cost risk is an intuitively appealing and economically reasonable strategy for a load-serving local distribution company (LDC) in today's volatile electricity marketplace. However, knowing what to buy does not guarantee least-cost implementation. The forward-contract price quoted by a prospective seller may not be the 'best deal' that an LDC could have...
Environmental concerns and the increase in oil prices in the fall of 2000 made energy one of the priority issues in the industrial world. Research shows that the problem of selecting an energy resource requires a detailed multi-dimensional analysis. Most forms of renewable energy are dependent on geographic and environmental factors that vary immensely from place to place. As a result, each country...
The possibility of reducing oil demand in the board mill at Skoghall, operated by Stora Enso, is analysed from a systems perspective. Identification of different key factors influencing the potential for reducing oil demand includes measures within the mill, e.g. steam reduction measures, and boundary conditions, such as electricity prices. Different key factors influence each other to different extents,...
The present work introduces an approach to predict the nitrogen oxides (NOx) emission characteristics of a large capacity pulverized coal fired boiler with artificial neural networks (ANN). The NOx emission and carbon burnout characteristics were investigated through parametric field experiments. The effects of over-fire-air (OFA) flow rates, coal properties, boiler load, air distribution scheme and...
The present paper regards the implementation of a stand-alone photovoltaic plant in which battery storage is partially replaced by a micro-hydraulic system. The plant was installed on Donoussa Island in the Aegean Sea, Greece to cover basic electricity needs of the remote village of Merssini (13 houses). Lighting, TV set and refrigerator were considered basic electricity needs for each house. The...
A life cycle inventory analysis (LCI) database that encompasses the entire Korean electrical energy grid was developed. The CO 2 emission per functional unit of electricity, 1 kWh of usable electricity, was 0.49 kg/f.u. Contribution of direct emission of CO 2 to the total CO 2 emission was around 95%. In the case of emissions of SO x , NO x , and PM, contribution...
This study is focused on the entropy production due to laminar forced convection in the entrance region of a concentric cylindrical annulus. The present hydrodynamic and temperature fields are obtained numerically. Local entropy generation distributions are obtained based on the resulting velocity and temperature fields by solving the entropy generation equation. The effect of different flow parameters...
The characteristics of a 'green heating system', synonymous with an 'environmentally friendly heating system', are academically defined from the total energy systems' point of view, using the concept of 'reversible mode of heating' in the context of current and future technical, economic and environmental protection. The exergy-based Specific Consumption Analysis approach is used to quantitatively...
A methodology is proposed for collecting end-use demand data for devising demand-side management programs in the commercial sector of developing countries. The characteristics of electricity end-uses in this sector are diverse. The end-use data have been collected in one or two segments of the commercial sector for simplicity and to save time and money. In the case of Northern Cyprus, hotels, a segment...
This paper presents the thin layer convective solar drying and mathematical modeling of prickly pear peel. For these purposes, an indirect forced convection solar dryer consisting of a solar air collector, an auxiliary heater, a circulation fan and a drying cabinet is used for drying experiments. Moreover, the prickly pear peel is sufficiently dried in the ranges of 32 to 36 o C of ambient...
The effect of heat-island reduction (HIR) strategies on annual energy savings and peak-power avoidance of the building sector of the Greater Toronto Area is calculated, using an hourly building energy simulation model. Results show that ratepayers could realize potential annual energy savings of over $11M from the effects of HIR strategies. The residential sector accounts for over half (59%) of the...
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