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This paper studies the potential application of a novel biogas upgrading technology called alkaline with regeneration (AwR). This technology uses an alkaline solution, along with carbon mineralization, to remove and store CO2 from biogas in order to create biomethane, a substitute of natural gas. Three different applications of biogas were explored for their potential economic benefits along three...
This article suggests a detailed comparison of 7 working pairs intended for use in solar adsorption cooling systems. The performance analysis was based on two indicators: adsorption capacity and solar coefficient of performance. Based on a reformed form of the Dubinin–Astakhov equation, a 3D graph was constructed to show the adsorbate concentration in the appropriate adsorbent as a first step to determine...
Solar thermal power is a promising and ever-growing source of carbon-free electricity. To date, analysis and design tools for solar thermal power generation with parabolic troughs are mathematically complex. We have developed a model of a solar parabolic trough, which advances the simulation of direct steam generators by describing their performance as a function of both time and axial position in...
The present work numerically analyses the heat transfer and entropy generation characteristics in a two-dimensional porous right-angled triangular enclosure with undulations on the left wall. The enclosure is heated sinusoidally from the bottom wall, while the left wall is maintained at a uniform temperature lower than the bottom one and the right inclined wall is adiabatic. The stream function-vorticity...
The low grade heat utilization is not only an inevitable option to solve the energy and environment problems, but also a critical issue for many remote power applications and planetary explorations. In this study, a novel design called a heat engine aerobot which can convert planetary atmospheric energy to electricity is proposed and analysed. A dynamic theoretical model is established and some key...
The overall process of biodiesel synthesis from vegetable oil and methanol is spontaneous according to Gibbs energy values. Therefore, a classical process scheme consisting of reactor followed by distillation columns train is grouped in a single hybrid reactive extraction column. Minimum energy consumption is calculated using Pinch Analysis, taking into account the minimum energy thermodynamically...
Hydrogen production based in the corrosion of light metals in water solutions is an interesting alternative. Among all of them, Mg is probably the most adequate metal for energetic purposes due to its high electron density and oxidation potential. A safe and environmental-friendly method of hydrogen production from milled Mg–CoCl2 composites in water was proposed in this paper. An improved mechanism...
EH (excess heat) is an important, but yet partially unused, source for DH (district heating). This study analyses energy system and CO2 emission impacts at a regional scale of integration of EH from a large chemical cluster and local DH systems. The assessment is carried out with the optimising energy systems model MARKAL_WS, in which the DH systems in the Västra Götaland region of Sweden are represented...
Low concentration methane, emitted from various industries e.g. coal mines and landfills into atmosphere, is not only an important greenhouse gas, but also a wasted energy resource if not utilized. In the past decade, we have been developing a novel VAMCAT (ventilation air methane catalytic combustion gas turbine) technology. This turbine technology can be used to mitigate methane emissions for greenhouse...
To measure the propulsive performance of a high-frequency PDRE (pulse detonation rocket engine), an experimental facility was established. Utilizing the valveless mode, the PDRE was operated without the purge process at a maximum operating frequency of 110 Hz successfully. In this study, oxygen-enriched air instead of oxygen was utilized as oxidizer and liquid gasoline was used as fuel because its...
A laboratory-scale prototype windowed reactor using a fluidized bed of coal coke particles was tested for thermochemical gasification using concentrated Xe light radiation as an energy source. The fluidized-bed reactor, designed to be combined with a solar reflective tower or beam-down optics, is evaluated for steam gasification of coal coke according to gasification performance: CO, H2, and CO2 production...
A renewable energy-based multi-generation system is developed and studied energetically and exergetically. Two renewable sources of energy, biomass and geothermal, are combined to deliver five useful outputs for residential applications. The energy products from biomass sources are used to drive an organic Rankine cycle and a vapour absorption chiller, and further used to dry the wet material in an...
Almost 10,000 spherical fuel elements are transported pneumatically one by one in the pipeline outside the core of a pebble bed reactor every day. Any failure in the transportation will lead to the shutdown of the reactor, even safety accidents. In order to ensure a stable and reliable transportation, it's of great importance to analyze the motion and force condition of the fuel element. In this paper,...
This study reexamines the relationship between energy consumption, urban population, economic growth and CO2 emissions in the BRICS countries (i.e., Brazil, Russia, India, China, and South Africa) during the period 2004–2010, by using a novel multi-variable grey model. The results indicate that the economic growth has a decreasing effect on the CO2 emissions in Brazil and Russia and has an increasing...
Computational optimization is used to determine the optimal design and time-varying operations of a carbon dioxide capture retrofit to a coal-fired power plant. The retrofit consists of an amine-based temperature-swing absorption system, to which process steam is supplied from an auxiliary unit. Two candidate auxiliary heat sources are explored: natural gas and solar thermal. The NPV (net present...
Present paper thermodynamically analyses a VCAS (vapour compression-absorption system) with carbon dioxide (compression section) and ammonia-water (absorption section) as refrigerants and determines the optimal condensing temperature of cascade condenser using modified Gouy-Stodola equation. The optimum cascade condenser temperature is found to be −13 °C for 175 kW refrigeration capacity at an evaporator...
Using CO2–CH4 (carbon dioxide–methane) replacement to produce CH4 from NGH (natural gas hydrate) is not only a new CH4 production technology but also a direct way to disposal CO2 by CO2 hydrates. Although there are many studies focusing on the mechanism of CH4 replacement in hydrates by CO2, the mechanism of the replacement is still not clear. In this work, the replacement process and hydrate structure...
This study reports the development of a new system of IL (ionic liquid) with metal complex, chemically crosslinked, electrospun nanofibers based on PVDF (poly(vinylidene fluoride)) as a polymer matrix. The nanofibers were fabricated with different amounts of ionic liquid, PEG (polyethylene glycol), and EGDMA (ethylene glycol dimethacrylate) via electrospinning. The obtained nanofiber composites were...
Gas hydrates are considered as a potential strategic energy source for sustainable development. The thermal properties of hydrate-bearing sediments govern the hydrate dissociation behavior and gas production process that accompany phase transformation and multiphase flow. This paper presents a thermistor-based measuring method to obtain the effective thermal conductivity of tetrahydrofuran hydrate-bearing...
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