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Graphite thin films can be formed by CVD on Ni films with a thickness of 500 deposited on sapphire (110), (001) and (012) faces. The c-axis of the graphite film deposited on Ni/sapphire (110) is almost perpendicular to the sapphire surface. However, its structure is not homogeneous nor flat. The Auger analyses for graphite/Ni/(110) indicate that there are Ni islands and the graphite film covers...
The characterization of both green, or uncalcined, and calcined petroleum coke filler is described utilizing known, standard test procedures to obtain the necessary data needed to characterize a candidate coke. Shortcomings in evaluating an uncalcined coke in the laboratory are also discussed. Procedures for both uncalcined and calcined cokes are presented which are versatile in that they may be...
Modification of the pore size of several types of carbon adsorbents by chemical vapour deposition of carbon from benzene at 1000 K was examined. The carbons included commercial molecular sieve carbon (MSC), pitch based active carbon fiber (ACF), super and commercial active carbon (S-AC, AC). Greatly improved selectivity for the separation of CO 2 and CH 4 was achieved by this method...
Glassy polymeric carbon is produced in the form of open- and closed-end tubes of uniform thickness up to 1 m long. Resol precursor is sprayed automatically to form a thin gelled coating on a rotating heated mandrel. The process is repeated to produce a sheath of thermoset phenolic resin of required thickness. This resin sheath is carbonized and heat-treated between 1270 and 2770 K. Mass loss and...
The separation of boron compounds, boric acid and borax from aqueous solution by activated carbon before and after impregnation with various compounds was studied. A series of activated carbons was prepared from coconut shell impregnated with calcium and barium chlorides, citric and tartaric acids. The examined processes were performed in batch and continuous systems under equilibrium and dynamic...
A two-dimensional 13 C-NMR chemical-shift-chemical-shift exchange experiment is described which permits the measurement of solid state 13 C resonance frequencies at two different sample orientations. This technique provides a method for probing the principal values of multiple 13 C chemical shift tensors in overlapping powder patterns as well as the orientational...
The effect of thermal treatment, at a relatively high temperature (≃ 340°C), on two high-volatile bituminous coals is examined by water adsorption and small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS). The results suggest that the mesopore structure in both samples undergoes a partial collapse. Furthermore, a strong hydrophobic effect, at the very early stages of the adsorption process, is noted for only one of...
Composites of an electronically conducting polymer (polypyrrole) with carbon black were used to reduce Cr(VI) to (the less toxic) Cr(III) in aqueous media. The carbon black content in these composites was varied from 5 to 65% (by weight); an increase in the carbon black fraction increased the ability of the composite to reduce Cr(VI). The composite outperformed both its components, namely...
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