Based on the relevant literatures and theoretical analysis, this paper summaries the fundamental theories supporting for marine ecological compensation, including value theory of ecological environment, public goods theory, externality theory and sustainable development theory, and illustrates the necessity of applying marine ecological compensation into reclaiming land from sea. Then the paper discusses the purposes of the ecological compensation and the characteristic of compensation fee, focusing on the differences between compensation fee and charge for sea area usage in character, objective, use and pricing. According to the current situation of sea usage charge for land reclamation in China, we also put forward some policy suggestions.