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Traction transformer is often on short-time overload state to meet the needs of traction load. In order to prevent the damage to the traction transformer caused by overthermal which is produced by load current, inverse time overcurrent protection is often used in China. Firstly, this paper introduces inverse time overcurrent protection and three standard characteristic equations of inverse time overcurrent...
The paper describes the concept of synchrophasors and the introduction of synchrophasors for protection applications in IEEE PC37.118.1 and then discusses different substation and transmission line protection applications. Requirements for reporting rate, time synchronization and communications architecture are discussed. Testing of protection systems based on PMUs is described at the end of the paper.
Testing of Phasor Measurement Units (PMU devices) is necessary for any PMU application, be it a simple visualization and archiving system or a more complex set of real-time system operations tools. PMUs are available from virtually every manufacturer of protection and monitoring equipment. They are often implemented as embedded functions within relays or disturbance recorders. This paper describes...
The paper will present implemented protection scheme on two, symmetrical, double core design Phase Shifting Transformers (PST) [6], each rated at 600MVA, 400kV, 866A, 50Hz, ±40° with in total 64 tap positions (32 advance and 32 retard). Thus, every individual tap introduce phase angle shift of 1,25°. The used PST protection scheme follows the protection recommendations published by IEEE [1]. It shall...
The advent of IEC61850 Standard has ushered a new age for substation automation. This standard has gained a very strong footing in Europe and its application is spreading across the world. In USA the progress towards IEC61850 implementation is relatively slower. IEC61850 holds great promises for substation automation and protection. There are many advantages that this standard brings to the area of...
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