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Hyperspectral imaging system for diagnosing digestive diseases was newly developed in order to obtain information on pathology beyond morphology of lesions. In order to guide light reflected from a lesion, a baby fiber, which can be inserted in a forceps channel of the electronic endoscope, was also developed. The performance of the system was evaluated by animal experiment. Obtained hyperspectral...
In neurophysiology, investigating brain connectivity within and between different brain structures is of fundamental importance for understanding nervous system function and its relation to behavior. Yet, parallel recordings in multiple brain structures is highly challenging, especially in rodents, which are most commonly employed in neurophysiological research but rather small in size. In this study,...
An epiretinal prosthesis aims to restore functional vision in patients suffering from retinal degeneration caused by diseases such as Retinitis Pigmentosa (RP) and Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD). These diseases result in the loss of photoreceptors but bipolar, amacrine and ganglion cells survive at high rates and can be electrically activate to produce the sensation of light. Continuous application...
We describe for the first time the design, implementation, and testing of a telemetry controlled simultaneous stimulation and recording device (SRD) to deliver chronic intercortical microstimulation (ICMS) to physiologically identified sites in rat somatosensory cortex (SI) and test hypotheses that chronic ICMS strengthens interhemispheric pathways and leads to functional reorganization in the enhanced...
Advancements in neural interfaces capable of neural stimulation have shown that neural implants may potentially target the central nervous system to treat neurological disorders. Unfortunately, many of the current technologies used to stimulate and record from the brain do not suffice for this purpose; those that provide a sufficient channel density, which is required for interfacing and chronic functionality...
Regenerative peripheral nerve interfaces have been proposed as viable alternatives for the natural control and feel of robotic prosthetic limbs. We have developed a Regenerative Multi-electrode Interface (REMI) that guides re-growing axons through an electrode array deployed in the lumen of a nerve guide. While acute studies have shown the use of the REMI in the rat sciatic nerve, the quality of chronic...
Chronic imaging of the peripheral nervous system with contemporary techniques requires repetitive surgical procedures to reopen an area of interest in order to see underlying biological processes over time. The recurrence of surgical openings on an animal increases trauma, stress, and risk of infection. Such effects can greatly lessen the physiological relevance of any data recorded in this manner...
A wirelessly-powered homecage system, called the EnerCage-HC, that is equipped with multi-coil wireless power transfer, closed-loop power control, optical behavioral tracking, and a graphic user interface (GUI) is presented for long-term electrophysiology experiments. The EnerCage-HC system can wirelessly power a mobile unit attached to a small animal subject and also track its behavior in real-time...
Introduction: In-vivo implanted vascular grafts fail due to the mechanical mismatch between the native vessel and the implant. The biomechanical characterization of native vessels provides valuable information towards the development of synthetic grafts. Materials and Methods: Five samples of electrospun nanofibrous poly(L-lactic acid)(PLLA) tubular structures were subjected to physiological pulsating...
Magnetic resonance imaging is empowered by parallel reading, which reduces acquisition time dramatically. The time saved by parallelization can be used to increase image quality or to enable specialized scanning protocols in clinical and research environments. In small animals, the sizing constraints render the use of multi-channeled approaches even more necessary, as they help to improve the typically...
To explore whether the short wavelength near infrared laser can stimulate the functional hair cells, pulsed laser with wavelength of 808-nm was used to stimulate guinea pigs cochlea. Compound action potential (CAP) and auditory brainstem responses (ABR) were recorded during the experiments. We successfully recorded photomechanical responses from normal hearing animals and demonstrated the responses...
This paper presents results from a pilot experiment in which the technique of velocity selective recording (VSR) was used to identify naturally occurring electroneurogram (ENG) signals within the intact nerve of a rat. Signals were acquired using a set of electrodes placed along the length of the nerve, formed from simple wire hooks. This basic form of recording has already been applied in-vivo to...
This paper presents the development of a single platform that records auditory evoked potential synchronized to specific acoustic stimuli of the gap prepulse inhibition method for objective tinnitus diagnosis research. The developed system enables to program various parameters of the generated acoustic stimuli. Moreover, only by simple filter modification, the developed system provides high flexibility...
Rib cage structure and morphology is important for anatomical analysis of chest CT scans. A fundamental challenge in rib cage extraction is varying intensity levels and connection with adjacent bone structures including shoulder blade and sternum. In this study, we present a fully automated 3-D algorithm to segment the rib cage by detection and separation of other bone structures. The proposed approach...
Identifying the need for interventions during hemorrhage is complicated due to physiological compensation mechanisms that can stabilize vital signs until a significant amount of blood loss. Physiological systems providing compensation during hemorrhage affect the arterial blood pressure waveform through changes in dynamics and waveform morphology. We investigated the use of Markov chain analysis of...
This paper presents a novel brain-computer interface (BCI) system aiming at the rehabilitation of attention-deficit/hyperactive disorder in children. It uses the P300 potential in a series of feedback games to improve the subjects' attention. We applied a support vector machine (SVM) using temporal and template-based features to detect these P300 responses. In an experimental setup using five subjects,...
Rhythmic signals in the brain have always intrigued neuroscientists and the cerebellum is not an exception. Cerebellar high-frequency oscillations have been explored over many decades, but underlying mechanisms have remained unclear. In this study, we have recorded spontaneous and evoked potentials from the cerebellar surface with chronically implanted, multi-electrode arrays. Evoked and spontaneous...
Robust tools for the quantitation of perfusion are not fully developed using contrast enhanced ultrasound (CEUS). The ovine corpus luteum (CL) is a transient gland in the ovary that is formed to produce the hormone progesterone essential for maintenance of pregnancy. Importantly, it has a dense microvascular network with predictable and well-regulated angiogenic mechanisms. In a number of different...
High-fidelity signal acquisition is critical for the fundamental control of a neuroprosthesis. Our group has developed a bio-artificial interface consisting of a muscle graft neurotized by a severed nerve in a rat hind limb model. This regenerative peripheral nerve interface (RPNI) permits nerve signal transmission, amplification, and detection via in situ electromyography (EMG). Our study examined...
Extracorporeal circulation (ECC) is indispensable for cardiac surgery. Since difficulty in clinical research keeps the knowledge insufficient, it is desirable to have a miniature ECC system for small animals. We aimed to establish a miniature ECC system and apply the system to the rat for investigating biochemical changes. The ECC system consisted of a membranous oxygenator (polypropylene, 0.03 m2...
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