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Anterior eye segment surgeries are usually video-recorded. If we are able to efficiently analyze surgical videos in real-time, new decision support tools will emerge. The main anatomical landmarks in these videos are the pupil boundaries and the limbus, but segmenting them is challenging due to the variety of colors and textures in the pupil, the iris, the sclera and the lids. In this paper, we present...
Glaucoma is a leading cause of permanent blindness. Retinal imaging is useful for early detection of glaucoma. In order to evaluate the presence of glaucoma, ophthalmologists may determine the cup and disc areas and diagnose glaucoma using a vertical optic cup-to-disc (C/D) ratio and a rim-to-disc (R/D) ratio. Previously we proposed a method to determine cup edge by analyzing a vertical profile of...
In this work an attempt has been made to enhance the edges and segment the boundary of intima-media layer of Common Carotid Artery (CCA) using anisotropic diffusion filter and level set method. Ultrasound B mode longitudinal images of normal and abnormal images of common carotid arteries are used in this study. The images are subjected to anisotropic diffusion filter to generate edge map. This edge...
Intracortical microelectrodes can be used to treat various neurological disorders given their capabilities to interface with single or multiple populations of neurons. However, most of these penetrating devices have been reported to fail over time, within weeks to months, putatively due to the foreign body response (FBR) which persistently aggravates the surrounding brain tissues. A number of studies...
Ptosis of the eyelids is a common condition with a myriad of causes. Its management depends on the underlying cause, which can be challenging to diagnose in some cases. Current diagnosis methods include serum antibodies, tensilon test, and electromyography (EMG). Each has its own set of limitations such as invasiveness and lack of sensitivity. To overcome these limitations, we have developed a Portable...
Low dose positron emission tomography(PET) reconstruction remains a challenging issue for statistical PET reconstruction methods due to the low SNR of data. Due to the ill-conditioning of image reconstruction, proper prior knowledge should be incorporated to constrain the reconstruction. Since PET images are piecewise smoothing, we propose the total variational (TV) minimization based algorithm for...
In this work, an attempt has been made to analyze the atrophy of Corpus Callosum (CC) in Alzheimer brain magnetic resonance images using anisotropic diffusion filtering and modified distance regularized level set method. Anisotropic diffusion filtering is used as preprocessing to obtain the edge map. The modified distance regularized level set method is employed to segment CC using this edge map....
Lung 4D-CT plays an important role in lung cancer radiotherapy for tumor localization and treatment planning. In lung 4D-CT data, the resolution in the slice direction is often much lower than the in-plane resolution. For multi-plane display, isotropic resolution is necessary, but the commonly used interpolation operation will blur the images. In this paper, we present a registration based method...
Breast cancer is one of the leading causes of cancer death for women. Early detection of breast cancer is crucial for reducing mortality rates and improving prognosis of patients. Recently, 3D automated breast ultrasound (ABUS) has gained increasing attentions for reducing subjectivity, operator-dependence, and providing 3D context of the whole breast. In this work, we propose a breast mass detection...
Photoplethysmogram (PPG) signals acquired by smartphone cameras are weaker than those acquired by dedicated pulse oximeters. Furthermore, the signals have lower sampling rates, have notches in the waveform and are more severely affected by baseline drift, leading to specific morphological characteristics. This paper introduces a new feature, the inverted triangular area, to address these specific...
Induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) can be derived from fully differentiated cells of adult individuals and used to obtain any other cell type of the human body. This implies numerous prospective applications of iPSCs in regenerative medicine and drug development. In order to obtain valid cell culture, a quality control process must be applied to identify and discard abnormal iPSC colonies. Computer...
We developed an epoch-making portable intelligent medicine case for recipients who take medicine every day. The medicine case consists of a recipient's smartphone and a mirror-embedded pill organizer. The smartphone captures medicines in the storage compartments of the organizer by using its built-in camera. The positions and shapes of mirrors were optimized in order that the smartphone can confirm...
Although ultrasonography has been widely used in clinical applications, the doctor suffers great difficulties in diagnosis due to the artifacts of ultrasound images, especially the speckle noise. This paper proposes a novel framework for speckle reduction by using a phase-based weighted least squares optimization. The proposed approach can effectively smooth out speckle noise while preserving the...
Axonal transport velocities are obtained from spatio-temporal maps called kymographs developed from time-lapse confocal microscopy movies of neurons. The kymographs of axonal transport of C.elegans worms are much noisier due to in vivo nature of imaging. Existing methodologies for velocity measurement include laborious manual delineation of axonal movement ridges on the kymographs and thereby determining...
Apoptotic programmed cell death (PCD) is a common and fundamental aspect of developmental maturation. Image processing techniques have been developed to detect apoptosis at the single-cell level in a single still image, while an efficient algorithm to automatically analyze the temporal progression of apoptosis in a large population of cells is unavailable. In this work, we have developed an ImageJ-based...
Information about abdominal wall can be used for many applications from organ segmentation, registration, and surgical simulation. The challenges exist in abdominal wall extraction due to its varieties in shapes, connection to the internal organs and anterior layer edge formed between the muscle and fascia/fatty layer, which may distract the shape model. In this paper we present an approach to the...
Accurate and robust extraction of the left ventricle (LV) cavity is a key step for quantitative analysis of cardiac functions. In this study, we propose an improved LV cavity segmentation method that incorporates a dynamic shape constraint into the weighting function of the random walks algorithm. The method involves an iterative process that updates an intermediate result to the desired solution...
Computational studies of aortic hemodynamics require accurate and reproducible segmentation of the aortic tree from whole body, contrast enhanced CT images. Three methods were vetted for segmentation. A semi-automated approach that utilizes denoising, the extended maxima transform, and a minimal amount of manual segmentation was adopted.
Automatic segmentation of three-dimensional mi-crovascular structures is needed for quantifying morphological changes to blood vessels during development, disease and treatment processes. Single focus two-dimensional epifluorescent imagery lead to unsatisfactory segmentations due to multiple out of focus vessel regions that have blurred edge structures and lack of detail. Additional segmentation challenges...
This paper presents a segmentation methodology of abdominal axial CT images. The aim of the study is to determine the location of mesenteric area from the axial images so the organs enclosed within can be localized precisely for diagnostic purposes. The challenge confronted here is that there is no a certain deterministic shape of abdominal organs. The methodology implemented here utilizes a curvelets...
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