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Recently researchers have shown growing interest in axial motion of common carotid artery wall. The amplitude of the axial motion of the wall has been initially linked to arterial stiffness and the direction of the axial stretch has been noted to vary, although not highlighted in the studies. In this study, an enhanced block matching algorithm, developed in our earlier study, was used to measure 2D-motion...
This paper presents a new method for identification of system models that are linear in parametric structure, but arbitrarily nonlinear in signal operations. The strategy blends traditional system identification methods with three modeling strategies that are not commonly employed in signal processing: linear-time-invariant-in-parameters models, set-based parameter identification, and evolutionary...
In the presence of unpredictable disturbances and uncertainties, cells intelligently achieve their goals by sharing information via cell-cell communication and making collective decisions, which are more reliable compared to individual decisions. Inspired by adaptive sensor network algorithms studied in communication engineering, we propose that a multi-cellular adaptive network can convert unreliable...
Stature is an important biological characteristic considered in the clinical activities. Height (h)is frequently hard to measure in the elderly population or in people with skeletal deformities and vertebral fractures. Furthermore it represents also a key point in forensic evaluations. Our aim was to provide an equation in order to predict human height based on the Longitudinal Scapular Diameter(LSD)...
Neuroinformatics has recently emerged as a powerful field for the statistical analysis of neural data. This study uses machine learning techniques to analyze neural spiking activities within a population of neurons with the aim of finding spiking patterns associated with different stages of movement. Neural data was recorded during many experimental trials of a cat performing a skilled reach and withdrawal...
Observing an action being performed and executing the same action cause similar patterns of neural activity to emerge in the primary motor cortex (MI). Previous work has shown that the neural activity evoked during action observation (AO) is informative as to both the kinematics and muscle activation patterns of the action being performed, although the neural activity recorded during action observation...
COPD is associated with a gradual decline in physical activity, which itself contributes to a worsening of the underlying condition. Strategies that improve physical activity levels are critical to halt this cycle. Wearable sensor based activity monitoring and persuasive feedback might offer a potential solution. However it is not clear just how much intervention might be needed in this regard — i...
Single-trial classification of near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) signals for brain-computer interface (BCI) applications has recently gained much attention. This paper reviews research in this area conducted at the PRISM lab (University of Toronto) to date, as well as directions for future work. Thus far, research has included classification of hemodynamic changes induced by the performance of various...
Healthcare administrators worldwide are striving to both lower the cost of care whilst improving the quality of care given. Therefore, better clinical and administrative decision making is needed to improve these issues. Anticipating outcomes such as number of hospitalization days could contribute to addressing this problem. In this paper, a method was developed, using large-scale health insurance...
Remote monitoring of in-home activity and body posture provides useful physiological parameters for understanding patient status and for making clinical judgment in patients living with heart failure. The Corventis PiiX is a mobile chest-adherent device that provides continuously recorded accelerometer data from patients in an in-home setting. In particular, a 3-axis accelerometer enables quantification...
The Corventis NUVANT™ Mobile Cardiac Telemetry System provides continuous monitoring of symptomatic and asymptomatic cardiac abnormalities to help physicians diagnose and treat non-lethal cardiac arrhythmias. Analysis of a sample of 2231 US and 1053 Indian NUVANT patients has revealed interesting statistics on the prevalence of various cardiac arrhythmias in the patient populations of the two nations...
In this paper, we present a novel approach for functional network connectivity in fMRI resting activity using distance correlation. The proposed method accounts for nonlinear relationships between the resting state networks and can be used for both single subject and group level analyses. We showed that the new strategy improves the capacity of characterization of pathological populations, such as,...
In order to reverse-engineer the information processing capabilities of the cortical circuit, we need to densely sample neural circuit; it may be necessary to sample the activity of thousands of neurons simultaneously. Frame scanning techniques do not scale well in this regard, due to the time ”wasted” scanning extracellular space. For scanners in which inertia can be neglected, path length minimization...
Ensembles of single-neurons in motor cortex can show strong low-dimensional collective dynamics. In this study, we explore an approach where neural decoding is applied to estimated low-dimensional dynamics instead of to the full recorded neuronal population. A latent state-space model (SSM) approach is used to estimate the low-dimensional neural dynamics from the measured spiking activity in population...
Fall prevention is an important and complex multifactorial challenge, since one third of people over 65 years old fall at least once every year. A novel application of Disease State Fingerprint (DSF) algorithm is presented for holistic visualization of fall risk factors and identifying persons with falls history or decreased level of physical functioning based on fall risk assessment data. The algorithm...
In this study we present a method to build 3D corneal atlases of different populations using a registration step based on inter-surface volume minimization. First the construction method is presented. It is based on a global factor computation in order to minimize the volume between several surfaces. Then the significance of the choice of the matching step is shown with the comparison of two atlases...
We sought to better understand the physiology underlying the metrics of heart rate variability (HRV) in trauma patients without serious injury, compared to healthy laboratory controls. In trauma patients without serious injury (110 subjects, 470 2-min data segments), we studied the correlation between sinus arrhythmia (SA) rate, heart rate (HR), and respiratory rate (RR). Most segments with 2.4 <...
Existing assistive living and prompting based solutions have adopted a relatively complex approach to supporting individuals. These solutions have involved sensor based monitoring, activity recognition and assistance provisioning. Traditionally they have suffered from a number of issues rooted in scalability and performance levels associated with the activity recognition process. This paper introduces...
The availability of datasets capturing the performance of activities of daily living is limited by difficulties associated with the collection of such data. Software solutions can mitigate these limitations, providing researchers with the ability to rapidly generate simulated data. This paper describes the use of IE Sim to create a simulated intelligent environment within which activities of daily...
Breathing sounds analysis conveys valuable information in relation to obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) during both sleep and wakefulness. In this study, we investigated whether the breathings sounds spectral and higher order statistics characteristics (HOS) change from wakefulness to sleep, and more importantly whether this change is associated with severity of OSA. Tracheal breathing sounds of 6 individuals...
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