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Organs-on-chips systems are microfluidic three-dimensional miniature human organoid models designed to reproduce the key biological and physiological parameters of their in vivo counterparts. They have recently emerged as a viable platform for personalized medicine and drug screening. While a wide variety of human organ-on-a-chip models have been created, there are limited reports on the inclusion...
Efficient use of electric energy by users is one of the critical ways for increasing energy efficiency, reducing cost of power generation and supply, and environmental concerns. As part of remedial measures to address issues of energy use, many technologies for demand reduction ranging from energy saving devices through a variety of energy management systems have emerged to help users manage and control...
We review two generations of smart bandages and sensors developed in our group. These devices are capable of monitoring and treating chronic wounds through O2, pH and strain measurement and on-demand drug delivery. First we seek to close the gap between patient and caregivers through continuous monitoring of wound healing status with oxygenation measurements coupled with wireless data acquisition...
A CMOS integrated frequency domain near infrared spectroscopy (fdNIRS) and transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) is designed for simultaneous brain stimulation and monitoring. The combination of optical sensing and electrical stimulation solves the incompatibility between EEG and tDCS in both time and spatial domains. A real-time closed-loop brain stimulation can be realized for neurological...
This paper presents an automated hermetic failure monitoring system design for multiple millimeter-sized biomedical implants using an inductive link array. 1 × 1 mm2 sized passive implants, wrapped with power receiving and data transmitting inductor-capacitor (LC) tank, and coated with parylene-C and polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) were utilized for packaging failure monitoring, which can result in phase-dip...
This paper reports a low-power low-noise folded-cascode OTA based charge amplifier designed to be used as the front-end amplifier (FEA) for a pyroelectric transducer based respiration monitoring system. The amplifier is designed in 0.5μm standard CMOS process and consumes only 5.4 μW of power with 1.8V supply voltage. The operational transconductance amplifier (OTA) adopts a pseudo-resistor based...
Temperature management of the food supply-chain is important for ensuring compliance and the quality of perishable products like vaccines and fish. While conventional strategies have relied on using monitors attached to packaging containers, self-powered time-temperature monitoring is attractive because the technology can be embedded with passive RFID tags and can be integrated with every food or...
Although recent research has theoretically demonstrated that enzymatic glucose biofuel cell can be used to power a contact lens-based glucose sensor, such a practical system does not exist. Here, we developed a novel closed loop system consisting of a charge pump circuit and a step up DC converter circuit that is powered by a single enzymatic glucose biofuel cell at physiological conditions. This...
Due to economies of scale and advancement in silicon technologies, powerful computing platforms are ushering a new era in computing and connectivity. These platforms are sometimes categorized under the umbrella of Internet of Things (IoT). In this paper, one such platform is used to design and build an Internet of Things solar tracker. The solar tracker predicts the sun position for maximum power...
In this paper, a new multi-resolution CMOS imager sensor with trapezoid pixel array, called TZOID, is presented. It was designed for traffic monitoring to detect the speed and location vehicles approaching a signized intersection. It composes of significantly less number of pixels than a comparable image sensor used in similar application. The unique trapezoid image sensor design eliminates computationally...
Significant recent research activities and initiatives by local governments to establish resilient smart city infrastructures signal that time is right for smart cities in the near future. For example, sensors deployed within a city could monitor traffic patterns, perform environmental measurements and determine optimum traffic routing, when deployed in areas that have a power infrastructure. In this...
The objective of this project is to create a novel device to monitor and report back with comprehensive physiological status and alerts of hazards encountered by the firefighter. The device is a band-aid like device that would be attached to the firefighter's skin positioned on the upper arm. The device would monitor the firefighter's physiological health including heart rate and blood oxygen level,...
Fall has become a serious medical problem, and sometimes leading to physical disabilities and death. This led researchers to pursue automatic monitoring systems for detecting the falls before they occur. Much of the existing efforts have successfully achieved a hardware system which provides a fall pattern after and prior to the fall. However, the existing fall detection systems are still deficient...
This paper presents the design of a wireless and batteryless heart rate monitor. The measurement is done using a single-lead ECG raw signal. The design is based on a commercial ultra low power microcontroller, an optimized full-custom RF Front-End, a ultra low power Threshold Comparator and a Programmable Gain Amplifier implemented in commercial 90 nm CMOS. The communications are compliant with the...
Runtime hardware Trojan detection techniques are required in third party IP based SoCs as a last line of defense. Traditional techniques rely on golden data model or exotic signal processing techniques such as utilizing Choas theory or machine learning. Due to cumbersome implementation of such techniques, it is highly impractical to embed them on the hardware, which is a requirement in some mission...
Occupancy detection is becoming more popular with the growing demand for energy saving in homes and work places. Ultra wideband (UWB) radar is an attractive solution for such applications because of its low power non-ionizing emissions, low cost, high spatial resolution and ability to penetrate solid objects. In this paper, a principal component analysis-based (PCA) solution to identify the occupancy...
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