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The semantic variants of verbs in a semantic-syntactic description and lexicographic practice (on the basis of Bulgarian language)The problem of establishing the criteria separating homonymic lexical units and their semantic variants is crucial in lexicographic description. The paper illustrates the basis of a semantic-syntactic description of verbs in which the separation of predictave units having...
Letters on aspectThe paper presents the correspondence between the author and professor Stanisław Karolak concerning the role of pragmatic factors such as illocutionary force (i.e. an assertion, a negation, an order, a promise ecc.) in perfective/imperfective aspect choice in Russian and Polish.According to the author’s aspect theory, the occurrence of the perfective verb form is determined by illocutionary...
Slavic names of the ‘pupil’ (‘źrenica’) in the light of dialect materials and historic sourcesDespite a considerable mixture of names of “the pupil”, their collateral use and not quite distinct borders of ranges of specified lexemes, it is possible to specify several express, albeit not quite well-defined, areals (map 1).In Russia and in eastern regions of Belarus and Ukraine, the name *z//orčьkъ...
Verbal modificational formatives in PolishThe paper presents the classification of verbal derivatives according to Aktionsart in Polish (Verbs containing modificational formatives). In the first part of this paper the main aim is to describe a research project about the semantic-derivational category of Aktionsarten in Slavonic languages. The second part of this paper focuses on the characterization...
A stylistic outline of a genre: synthesis of a nation’s history (a research of the Croatian and Serbian texts)In the article a particular genre, i.e. synthesis of a nation’s history, or national historiography, is stylistically elaborated. There are at least two reasons why this sort of genre, that has never been scholarly discussed, ought to be analyzed: a social-political relevance (books like A...
The evolution of dog’s view in Polish languageThe article presents the evolution of dog’s view in Polish language within the centuries – from Old Polish to the present, considering vocabulary dialect.The components of a dichotomous present stereotype of dog (the two negative ones and one positive) are analyzed in the work. The negative ones seem to belong to the older structure of the language. The...
Peculiar vocabulary in Ścieżki polne by Leopold StaffIn the article „Peculiar vocabulary in Ścieżki polne by Leopold Staff” Mirosława Białoskórska presented the roles and functions of peculiar vocabulary, i.e. the words characterized by chronological, geographical, emotional-expressive and stylistical features in creation of images of people, animals and countryside nature against the background of...
The language of Polish people in Carpathian BukovinaThe Polish group which was settling in Bukovina since 18th century was various as far as the place of origin is concerned. These are comers from Galicia, Lesser Poland and the region of Czadca in Slovakia. In this article the author presented linguistic situation in particular villages according to the division of Polish community which varies regarding...
Feminine virtue. An attempt at understanding the evolution of the meaning of cnota (virtue) over the centuriesThe article is devoted to the evolution of the meaning of the Polish lexeme cnota (virtue) starting from the Old Polish to the present time. The starting point is the change in the meaning of the lexeme virtue from the ‘complex of ethical qualities’ in the Old Polish language to the ‘hymen’...
If ever the Etymological dictionary of the Cassubian literary language was to come into beingThe currently emerging Cassubian literary language is characterized by a considerable amount of artificially created neologisms. These neologisms cause us to think about the types of linguistic mechanisms, which cause the emergence of forms and meanings that do not occur in the living Cassubian dialects. The...
Theoretical contrastive studiesThe contrastive studies criticism in the 60s – 70s of the 20th century was the only basis for quite a few researchers to formulate their opinion on the studies. Although the criticism is becoming out-of date, it has not lost its inertia to disapprovingly dispose to and discourage from contrastive studies. It should be emphasized that the contrastive studies have taken...
Slavic names for ‘eyebrows’ in light of dialectal materials and historical sources‘Eyebrows’ have in OlA only several more frequent names (that are marked on the map by areas), the remaining ones occupy small areas or are absolutely rare.The most frequent names are those connected with the core *-brъv-, that are internally very different. There is an expressive contrast/opposition between the northern...
Names for instruments, tools, devices and accessories in Slavonic languagesThis article is devoted to the names for ‘instruments’, ‘tools’, ‘devices’ and ‘accessories’ in Slavonic languages. As it was described in this paper, there is no common name, which is an equivalent of Latin ‘instrumentum’ in Slavonic languages. The name, coming from Latin instrumentum, is known in the majority of the languages...
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