This article provides an overview of the epidemiology of prostate cancer in Germany based on the results of the population-based cancer registries and official cause of death statistics of the Federal Statistical Office. In 2014 approximately 57,370 men were diagnosed with prostate cancer in Germany and in 2015 approximately 13,900 deaths were attributable to this disease. The average age of onset was 72 years. The age-standardized incidence rate has declined for the first time since 2007 after decades of steadily increasing. The stratification by age revealed a less favorable degree of differentiation and a larger proportion of primary metastasized tumors among older patients (≥75 years). The survival of patients with UICC (Union Internationale Contre le Cancer) stage I–III tumors during the first 10 years after diagnosis was similar to that of the general male population of the same age. The relative 10-year survival in stage IV tumors without distant metastases was between 68% and 79%, and around 15% when distant metastases were documented. Within the same tumor stage the relative survival rates differed only slightly between age groups. Recently, declining incidence trends can be observed for several other European countries and even more pronounced for the USA. Mortality from prostate cancer in Germany was recently slightly higher compared to the rate for the entire European Union, while time trends were similar. Survival rates for patients with prostate cancer in Germany were in the middle range of Europe according to the results of the latest EUROCARE study. The epidemiology of prostate cancer is influenced by the frequency of use of the PSA screening test. The influence of other factors on incidence and survival rates can hardly be estimated. In addition to a higher incidence the frequent use of the PSA test leads to arithmetically higher survival rates due to the earlier diagnosis.