Schizophrenia is manifested with abnormalities in working memory and in exaggerated asymmetry of the hippocampus, basal ganglia, and temporoparietal cortex. Using an early maternal deprivation model, we evaluated brain histology and working memory at childhood, adolescence, and adulthood of the experimental animals. Incorrect patterns of brain asymmetry, which involved the striatum in childhood and adolescence and the hippocampus in adulthood were associated with clear working memory deficit. Neonatal treatment with memantine (10 mg/kg) could prevent those changes effectively. These results raise the possibility that pharmacological treatment with MEM within early developmental stages can help people with a risk to develop schizophrenia.