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Background and aims
The majority of smokers accessing the current best treatments continue to smoke. We aimed to test if e‐cigarettes (EC) compared with nicotine replacement treatment (NRT) can help such smokers to reduce smoking.
Design
Randomized controlled trial of EC (n = 68) versus NRT (n = 67) with 6‐month follow‐up.
Setting
Stop smoking service in London, UK.
Participants
A total of...
Aims
To assess whether naloxone prescribing in clinical contexts targeted pain patients most at risk for opioid overdose.
Design
A retrospective cohort study using data from the Health Facts Database.
Setting
Over 600 United States healthcare facilities.
Participants
Three patient groups were followed for 2 years during 2009 to 2017: individuals with shoulder or long bone fractures (n = 252...
Background and aims
Whether expanded access to naloxone reduces perceptions of risk about opioid use has been subject to debate. Our aim was to assess how implementation of naloxone access laws shapes perceived risk of heroin use.
Design
Using data from the restricted‐access National Survey on Drug Use and Health, Prescription Drug Abuse Policy System and the US Census, we applied two‐way fixed‐effects...
Background and Aims
Drug checking services provide people who use drugs with chemical analysis results of their drug samples while simultaneously monitoring the unregulated drug market. We sought to identify and synthesize literature on the following domains: (a) the influence of drug checking services on the behaviour of people who use drugs; (b) monitoring of drug markets by drug checking services;...
Background and Aims
In response to a dramatic rise in overdose deaths due to injection drug use, there was a rapid scale‐up of low‐threshold supervised injection services (SIS), termed ‘overdose prevention sites’ (OPS), in Vancouver, Canada in December 2016. We measured the potential impact of this intervention on SIS use and related health outcomes among people who inject drugs (PWID).
Design...
Background and Aims
There is concern that young people may be attracted to e‐liquid flavours, prompting long‐term vaping in naive users and potentially subsequent tobacco smoking. We aimed to review the use of e‐liquid flavours by young people and describe associations with uptake or cessation of both regular vaping and tobacco smoking, adverse effects and subjective experiences.
Design
Systematic...
Background and Aims
Clinicians could promote e‐cigarettes for harm reduction to people who smoke but cannot stop, but many clinicians feel uneasy doing so. In a randomized controlled trial (RCT), primary care clinicians offered free e‐cigarettes and encouraged people with chronic diseases who were unwilling to stop smoking to switch to vaping. We interviewed clinicians and patients to understand...
Background and aims
Smoking is extremely common among adults experiencing homelessness, but there is lack of evidence for treatment efficacy. E‐cigarettes are an effective quitting aid, but they have not been widely tested in smokers with complex health and social needs. Here we build upon our cluster feasibility trial and evaluate the offer of an e‐cigarette or usual care to smokers accessing a...
Aims
To estimate incidence of post‐release injecting drug use (IDU) among men who injected drugs before imprisonment and determine factors associated with post‐release IDU frequency.
Design, setting, participants
Prospective cohort study of men reporting monthly IDU before a period of sentenced imprisonment in Victoria, Australia, recruited between September 2014 and May 2016 (n = 195).
Measurements...
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