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Aims
To estimate the association between punitive policies for women with substance use during pregnancy and odds of neonatal abstinence syndrome (NAS) diagnosis among Medicaid‐insured infants, and to estimate this association controlling for the presence of four other policies related to substance use in pregnancy.
Design, Setting and Participants
Analysis of live births in Medicaid claims data...
Methamphetamine (MA) is the second most commonly used illicit drug in the world, after cannabis. There are limited data on the outcomes of pregnant MA users but there is rapidly emerging evidence to suggest that they are more vulnerable, marginalized and impoverished compared with other drug‐using mothers. MA use during pregnancy is associated with worse pregnancy outcomes and significantly higher...
Background and Aims
To estimate during pregnancy correlations between frequency of self‐reported use of marijuana and quantified marijuana metabolite in biospecimens including urine, sera and umbilical cord homogenate.
Design
Prospective cohort.
Setting
Two urban hospitals in Colorado with legal recreational and medicinal marijuana.
Participants
Pregnant women (<16 weeks gestation) self‐reporting...
Background and Aims
Alcohol consumption is common in adolescence and young adulthood and may continue into pregnancy, posing serious risk to early fetal development. We examine the frequency of periconception alcohol use (prior to pregnancy awareness) and the extent to which adolescent and young adult alcohol use prospectively predict periconception use.
Design
A longitudinal, population‐based...
Background and Aims
Although English Stop Smoking Services routinely offer dual nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) to help pregnant women to quit smoking, little is known about how nicotine and tobacco smoke exposures following this compare with that from smoking. We compared, in pregnant women when smoking and after being offered dual NRT, saliva cotinine and exhaled carbon monoxide (CO) concentrations...
Aims
To test the efficacy of ‘MiQuit’, a tailored, self‐help, text message stop smoking programme for pregnancy, as an adjunct to usual care (UC) for smoking cessation in pregnancy.
Design
Multicentre, open, two‐arm, parallel‐group, superiority randomised controlled trial (RCT) and a trial sequential analysis (TSA) meta‐analysis combining trial findings with two previous ones.
Setting
Twenty‐four...
Background and aims
Up to 95% of pregnant women seeking treatment for alcohol and other drug (AOD) use smoke tobacco. Previous reviews indicate few effective smoking cessation treatments for this group. This updated review aimed to identify and measure the efficacy of smoking cessation interventions trialled among pregnant women in AOD treatment settings who smoke tobacco.
Methods
A narrative synthesis...
The use of tobacco during pregnancy is the leading preventable cause of pregnancy complications and adverse birth outcomes. In high‐income countries, around one in 10 pregnant women smokes tobacco, while smokeless tobacco is the primary form of tobacco used in many low‐ and middle‐income countries. Although the risk of tobacco‐related harms can be reduced substantially if mothers cease smoking in...
Background and Aims
Previous economic evaluations of smoking cessation interventions for pregnant women are limited to single components, which do not in isolation offer sufficient potential impact to address smoking cessation targets. To inform the development of more appropriate complex interventions, we (1) describe the development of the Economics of Smoking in Pregnancy: Household (ESIP.H) model...
Aim
To measure the cost‐effectiveness of adding text message (TMB), exercise (EB) and abstinent‐contingent financial incentive‐based (CFIB) stop smoking interventions to standard smoking cessation support for pregnant women in England.
Design
Modelling cost‐effectiveness outcomes by separately adding three cessation interventions to standard cessation care offered to pregnant women in England....
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