This chapter presents commonly used terms in the study of postcolonialism. The terms listed begin with the alphabet “O”. Detailed explanation is provided for several terms, including occidentalism, orality, orientalism, and ornamentalism. Each entry includes the origin of the term; a detailed explanation of its perceived meaning; and examples of the term's use in literary‐cultural texts. Just as the Western world has stereotyped the Asian or African nations/cultures in what Edward Said identified as orientalism, Occidentalism is the portrayal of Western cultures by Asian, African and other cultures. Notions of literacy have been called into question since Walter Ong's classic study Orality and Literacy. Class and status determined who the British Empire co‐opted into its structures, and how it dealt with its subjects. It was a whole set of class‐determined notions and their symbols, or what he calls ‘ornamentalism’ that constituted imperial relations.