Objectives
Ascertaining risk of contrast induced acute kidney injury (CI‐AKI) in ST‐segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) patients undergoing multi‐vessel percutaneous coronary intervention (MV‐PCI).
Background
Complete revascularization may improve outcomes in STEMI patients with multi‐vessel disease. However, a practice of MV‐PCI may be associated with a higher risk of CI‐AKI. We aimed to evaluate the risk of CI‐AKI in patients with STEMI and MV‐PCI and examine the accuracy of a validated risk score.
Methods
We searched PubMed, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, EBSCO, Web of Science, and CINAHL databases from inception through August 31, 2016 for randomized studies comparing CI‐AKI rates with MV‐PCI and infarct‐related artery (IRA) only PCI during index hospitalization. A random effects model was used to estimate the risk ratio (RR) and respective 95% confidence intervals (CI). We queried the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) to assess the ability of the Mehran risk score to accurately predict the incidence of CI‐AKI in patients undergoing MV‐PCI.
Results
Four randomized studies (N = 1,602) were included in the final analysis. The risk of CI‐AKI was low and no difference was observed with MV‐PCI (1.45%) compared with IRA‐only (1.94%) (RR 0.73, 95% CI 0.34‐1.57; P = 0.57). From 2009 to 2012, excluding shock, there were 11,454 MV‐PCI for STEMI patients in the NIS. The Mehran risk score accurately discriminated 78% of the patients who developed CI‐AKI in this cohort (c‐statistic of 0.78, P = 0.002).
Conclusions
MV‐PCI in STEMI is not associated with a higher risk of CI‐AKI and the Mehran risk score can identify patients at higher risk for this complication. © 2017 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.