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Background
Testing for oral high‐risk human papillomavirus (HPV) DNA may be useful for identifying individuals at increased risk for HPV‐driven oropharyngeal cancer (OPC). However, positivity for HPV DNA provides no information on the transforming potential of the infection. In contrast, the detection of high‐risk HPV E6/E7 messenger RNA (mRNA) may help to identify clinically significant infections...
Background
We performed a randomized phase 3 study of trabectedin versus dacarbazine in previously‐treated patients with liposarcoma/leiomyosarcoma (LPS/LMS).
Methods
Patients were randomized 2:1 to trabectedin (n = 384) or dacarbazine (n = 193) administered intravenously every 3 weeks. The primary objective was overall survival (OS). Secondary objectives were progression‐free survival, objective...
Background
In caring for patients with advanced cancer, accurate estimation of survival is important for clinical decision making. The purpose of this study was to assess the accuracy of 2‐year survival probabilities estimated by oncologists, patients, and caregivers and to identify demographic and clinical factors associated with prognostic accuracy.
Methods
This was a secondary observational...
Background
Solid organ transplant recipients have an elevated risk of cancer. Quantifying deaths attributable to cancer can inform priorities to reduce cancer burden.
Methods
Linked transplantation and cancer registry data were used to identify incident cancers and deaths among solid organ transplant recipients in the United States (1987‐2014). Population‐attributable fractions (PAFs) of deaths...
Background
Effective multidisciplinary rehabilitation programs supporting the return to work have become increasingly relevant for cancer survivors. In Germany, inpatient work‐related medical rehabilitation programs consider treatment modules of work‐related diagnostics, work‐related functional capacity training, psychosocial groups, and intensified social counseling. The authors tested the effectiveness...
Background
Rare childhood cancer is challenging to define. The Italian Pediatric Rare Tumor (TREP) Study considers rare tumors to include solid malignancies characterized by an annual incidence rate of <2 cases per 1 million and not enrolled in clinical trials. The objective of the current study was to analyze the population incidence rate of rare tumors among children and adolescents (those aged...
Background
The outcome of older patients with newly diagnosed, Philadelphia chromosome (Ph)‐negative acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) is poor. The combination of targeted therapy with low‐intensity chemotherapy is safe and effective. The objective of the current analysis was to compare the outcome of patients who received a combination of inotuzumab ozogamicin plus low‐intensity chemotherapy (mini–hyperfractionated...
Background
Commonly used chemotherapies can be toxic to the ovaries. To the authors’ knowledge, the majority of studies evaluating receipt of fertility counseling for women in their reproductive years have been performed in specific settings, thereby limiting generalizability.
Methods
A nationwide sample of US women diagnosed with breast cancer before age 45 years completed a survey assessing the...
Background
The purpose of this study was to evaluate risk and response–based multi‐agent therapy for patients with rhabdomyosarcoma (RMS) at first relapse.
Methods
Patients with RMS and measurable disease at first relapse with unfavorable‐risk (UR) features were randomized to a 6‐week phase 2 window with 1 of 2 treatment schedules of irinotecan with vincristine (VI) (previously reported). Those...
Background
The authors examined Medicare spending and patient spending in older patients with chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) over the first 5 years from the time of CML diagnosis in the tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI) era.
Methods
Medicare beneficiaries with CML who were diagnosed between 2007 and 2012 at age >65 years were identified from the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results...
Background
In the United States, incidence and mortality rates of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) are increasing in older individuals. Chronic infection with hepatitis C virus (HCV) and hepatitis B virus (HBV) are important causes of HCC; however, the contribution of viral hepatitis to recent trends in HCC incidence among older Americans is unclear.
Methods
Data from the Surveillance, Epidemiology,...
Background
Decisions for operative or nonoperative management remain challenging for patients with spinal metastases, especially when life expectancy and quality of life are not easily predicted. This study evaluated the effects of operative and nonoperative management on maintenance of ambulatory function and survival for patients treated for spinal metastases.
Methods
Propensity matching was...
Background
Several new treatments that improve survival in clinical trials have been developed for various solid malignancies in advanced stages. The effect of these options on survival in the general population is currently unknown.
Methods
Cancers for which 2 or more new treatment options have been approved by the US Food and Drug Administration during the years 2009 through 2011 for the treatment...
Background
Prostate cancer is radiosensitive. Prostate‐specific membrane antigen (PSMA) is selectively overexpressed on advanced, castration‐resistant tumors. Lutetium‐177–labeled anti‐PSMA monoclonal antibody J591 (177Lu‐J591) targets prostate cancer with efficacy and dose‐response/toxicity data when delivered as a single dose. Dose fractionation may allow higher doses to be administered safely...
Background
Desmoid tumors (DTs) are rare and understudied fibroblastic lesions that are frequently recurrent and locally invasive. DT patients often experience chronic pain, organ dysfunction, decrease in quality of life, and even death.
Methods
Sorafenib has emerged as a promising therapeutic strategy, which has led to the first randomized phase 3 clinical trial devoted to DTs. Concurrently, we...
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