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Determining specific line‐crossing sequences has always posed a challenge for document examiners. Interactions between pen ink and stamp seal ink can be complicated and changeable due to the many seals and writing inks available in the market. This study determines the line‐crossing sequence of stamping before writing by observing the influence of seal ink on pen writing. The results of examining...
Forensic document examiners are often confronted with questioned documents written with ballpoint pens. Depending on the force applied (or pressure) as well as the angle between the pen and the surface, sister lines running parallel to the inked strokes can be left by the lip of the housing ball. In a real case, sister lines were observed on the left side of inked strokes of a questioned signature...
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