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Objective
Multiple factors contribute to the rising rates of obesity and to difficulties in weight reduction that exist in the worldwide population. Caloric intake via sugar‐sweetened beverages may be influential. This study tested the hypothesis that liquid sucrose intake promotes obesity by increasing serum insulin levels and tissue lipid accumulation.
Methods
C57BL/6J mice were given 30% sucrose...
Objective
Obesity alters protein metabolism in skeletal muscle, but consistent evidence is lacking. This study compared muscle protein synthesis in adults with obesity and in lean controls in the fasted state and during an amino acid infusion.
Methods
Ten subjects with obesity (age: 36 ± 3 years; BMI: 34 ± 1 kg/m2) and ten controls (age: 35 ± 3 years; BMI: 23 ± 1 kg/m2) received an infusion of...
Objective
This study examined the associations of muscle area and radiodensity with adiponectin and leptin.
Methods
A total of 1,944 participants who enrolled in the Multi‐Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis underwent computed tomography to quantify body composition and measurements of adiponectin, leptin, interleukin‐6, C‐reactive protein, and resistin.
Results
The mean age and BMI of participants...
Objective
The aim of this study was to assess maternal misperception rates (perception as normal or underweight of a child with overweight or obesity) and their role in affecting the chance of implementing actions to change children's weight.
Methods
Obesogeneicity of Gadgets Marketed with Snacks (OBEY‐AD) is an international study investigating factors promoting childhood overweight and obesity...
Objective
Obesity and depression frequently co‐occur, and each increases risk for cardiovascular disease (CVD). This study tested whether a combined treatment, targeting obesity and depression simultaneously, would yield greater improvements in weight, mood, and CVD risk factors than treatments that targeted each disease individually.
Methods
Seventy‐six participants with obesity and major depression...
Objective
Although the tracking of BMI levels from childhood to adulthood has been examined, there is little information on the within‐person variability of BMI.
Methods
Longitudinal data from 11,591 schoolchildren, 3,096 of whom were reexamined as adults, were used to explore the tracking and variability of BMI levels. This article focuses on changes in age‐adjusted levels of BMI.
Results
There...
Objective
The production of uric acid in murine white adipose tissue (mWAT), and that such production was augmented in obese mice, was recently reported. However, little is known about the secretion of metabolites associated with purine catabolism in human WAT (hWAT). The present study analyzed this in hWAT.
Methods
Freshly isolated hWAT and mWAT were cultured. The secretion of metabolites associated...
Objective
The objective of this study was to identify subgroups with distinct fat and fat‐free growth patterns in the first 6 months of life and describe predictors of these different patterns.
Methods
A total of 510 apparently healthy Ethiopian infants were followed from birth to 6 months of age. Each infant had at least three and up to six repeated measurements of fat and fat‐free mass using...
Objective
Obesity in females is often associated with metabolic complications and hyperandrogenism, but the sources of androgens are not completely understood. Therefore, this study investigated whether adipose tissue could be a source of androgens promoting hyperandrogenism development in obese female rats.
Methods
Gene expression of steroidogenic enzymes and testosterone levels were determined...
Objective
This study investigated changes in fat‐free mass (FFM) and skeletal muscle 5 years after surgery in participants from the Longitudinal Assessment of Bariatric Surgery‐2 trial.
Methods
A three‐compartment model assessed FFM, and whole‐body magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) quantified skeletal muscle mass prior to surgery (T0) and 1 year (T1), 2 years (T2), and 5 years (T5) postoperatively...
Objective
The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of lower protein (LP) versus higher protein (HP) content in infant formula on body composition from 3 months to 6 years.
Methods
In a multicenter, double‐blind European trial, healthy infants (N = 1,090) were randomly assigned to different protein content formulas (upper [HP] and lower [LP] limits of the European Union regulations...
Objective
This study aimed to investigate trends and sociodemographic factors underlying weight misperception in adults with overweight and obesity in England.
Methods
This study used descriptive and logistic regression analyses based on a pooled nationally representative cross‐sectional survey, Health Survey for England, for the years 1997, 1998, 2002, 2014, and 2015 of individuals with BMI ≥...
Objective
The Swedish Obese Subjects (SOS) study was designed to compare outcomes in patients with obesity treated by bariatric surgery and a matched control group given usual care. The aim of this study was to analyze self‐reported weight‐loss methods and weight changes over 10 years in the SOS control group.
Methods
Self‐reported weight‐loss methods in the control group (n = 2,037; 71% women;...
Objective
The objective of this study is to critically review the literature on early life stress in relation to obesity in humans, including the multiple biological and behavioral mechanisms through which early life stress exposure (birth to the age of 5 years) may associate with obesity risk during childhood.
Methods
A review of the literature was conducted to identify studies on associations...
Objective
Indole‐3‐carbinol (I3C), a naturally occurring compound found in cruciferous vegetables, and its metabolite 3,3′‐diindolylmethane (DIM) reduce body mass and serum glucose levels in high‐fat‐diet‐induced obese mice. This study aimed to determine whether I3C or DIM could increase glucose uptake via enhanced insulin sensitivity in 3T3‐L1 adipocytes, as well as the mechanism involved.
Methods...
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