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Objective
This study examined secular trends in children’s weight‐status assessment, measured weight status, and ideal body image and their associations with subsequent changes in BMI, and it explored the differences between sociodemographic groups in China.
Methods
Longitudinal data from the China Health and Nutrition Survey of 4,605 children aged 6 to 17 collected between 2000 and 2011 were used...
Objective
Given the disease burden and economic costs of obesity in the United States, scalable approaches to weight loss and weight management are needed. This study evaluated self‐reported weight‐loss outcomes associated with a commercial intensive lifestyle intervention marketed to employers and delivered electronically to employees.
Methods
Data were collected for participants who enrolled...
Objective
This study aimed to determine the effects of diet‐induced paternal obesity on cognitive function in mice offspring.
Methods
Male mice (F0) were randomized to receive either a control diet (10 kcal% fat) or a high‐fat diet (HFD; 60 kcal% fat) for 10 weeks before being mated with normal females to generate F1 offspring. Male F1 offspring were mated with normal females to generate F2 offspring...
Objective
This study aimed to examine the intestinal microbiota composition of school‐aged children in association with (over)weight.
Methods
The fecal microbiota composition of 295 children was analyzed using the Human Intestinal Tract Chip. Anthropometric outcomes (overweight [BMI ≥ 85th percentile], age‐ and sex‐standardized BMI and weight z scores) were measured at 6 to 7 years of age, and...
Objective
This study aimed to investigate the interaction between obesity, low‐calorie sweeteners, and prebiotic oligofructose on reproductive parameters in rats.
Methods
Data were derived from two separate studies of female Sprague‐Dawley rats with (1) Lean (n = 24), (2) Obese (n = 27), (3) Obese+Aspartame (n = 14), (4) Obese+Stevia (n = 15), and (5) Obese+Prebiotic (n = 15) groups. Obesity was...
Objective
This study tested the hypothesis that 3 days of overfeeding (OF) decreases dietary fat oxidation and predicts longitudinal weight change in adults classified as obesity prone (OP) and obesity resistant (OR) based on self‐identification and personal and family weight history. Changes in diurnal profiles of plasma metabolites and hormones were measured to probe mechanisms.
Methods
Adults...
In this commentary we argue that the newest paradigm of front‐of‐package labels, represented by the characteristics found in the Chilean warning label, has the greatest potential to promote healthy diets compared with the Keyhole symbol, the multiple traffic light label, the Health Star Ratings system, and the 5‐Color Nutrition label. Warning labels: (1) are consistent in the information they communicate;...
Objective
The aim of this study was to obtain estimates of the causal relationship between BMI and mortality.
Methods
Mendelian randomization (MR) with BMI‐associated genotypic variation was used to test the causal effect of BMI on all‐cause and cause‐specific mortality in UK Biobank participants of White British ancestry.
Results
MR analyses supported a causal association between higher BMI...
Objective
Physical activity and dietary regimens to optimize health outcomes after bariatric surgery are not well known. This study aimed to determine whether resistance training with dietary protein supplementation is effective in maintaining body composition and physical fitness after obesity surgery.
Methods
Seventy‐six women with obesity undergoing Roux‐en‐Y gastric bypass were randomly assigned...
Objective
To determine the effects of exercise amount (kilocalories per session) and intensity (percent of maximal oxygen consumption [% VO2peak]) on adipose tissue (AT) and skeletal muscle (SM) in adults with abdominal obesity.
Methods
Participants (n = 103; 52.7 ± 7.6 years) were randomized to the following groups: control; low‐amount, low‐intensity exercise (180 kcal/session [women] and 300...
Objective
This study aimed to test the industry claim that “high in” front‐of‐package (FOP) labeling systems are perceived as harsh and reduce consumers’ control over food choices.
Methods
Respondents aged 16 to 32 years completed a between‐group experimental task in an online survey (n = 1,000). Participants viewed a beverage with one of four FOP labels (text‐only, octagon, triangle, or health...
Objective
This study sought to determine changes in the prevalence of comorbid disease following bariatric surgery in Medicaid patients compared with commercially insured patients.
Methods
Data were obtained from the Longitudinal Assessment of Bariatric Surgery, an observational cohort study of adults undergoing bariatric surgery at one of six geographically diverse centers in the United States...
Objective
The satiating effect of protein compared with other nutrients has been well described and is thought to be mediated, in part, by gut hormone release. Previously, it has been shown that oral L‐arginine acts as a GLP‐1 secretagogue both in vitro and in vivo in rodents. Here, the effect of L‐arginine on gut hormone release in humans was investigated.
Methods
The hypothesis was tested in...
Objective:
Despite the known health benefits of weight loss among persons with obesity, observational studies have reported that cycles of weight loss and regain, or weight cycling, are associated with increased mortality. To study whether weight loss must be sustained to achieve health and longevity benefits, we performed a randomized controlled feeding study of weight cycling in mice.
Methods:...
Objective
This study aimed to investigate the value of imaging‐based multivariable body composition profiling by describing its association with coronary heart disease (CHD), type 2 diabetes (T2D), and metabolic health on individual and population levels.
Methods
The first 6,021 participants scanned by UK Biobank were included. Body composition profiles (BCPs) were calculated, including abdominal...
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