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Objective
The impact of in utero exposure to maternal overweight and obesity on offspring metabolic health is well documented. Neurodevelopmental outcomes among these children are, however, less well studied. To address this gap, the current study investigated brain function among 4‐ to 6‐year‐old children exposed to maternal overweight or obesity during gestation compared with that of children born...
Objective
Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID‐19) continues to spread, and younger patients are also being critically affected. This study analyzed obesity as an independent risk factor for mortality in hospitalized patients younger than 50.
Methods
This study retrospectively analyzed data of patients with COVID‐19 who were hospitalized to a large academic hospital system in New York City between March...
Objective
Individuals with obesity suffer from an increased susceptibility to severe respiratory viral infections and respond poorly to vaccinations, making it imperative to identify interventions. Recent evidence suggesting that obesity leads to tissue‐specific vitamin A deficiency led to an investigation of whether high‐dose oral vitamin A, a treatment used for remediating vitamin A deficiency...
Objective
This study aimed to elucidate medical weight‐loss outcomes in patients unexposed or exposed to psychotropic medication(s).
Methods
This retrospective cohort study evaluated weight‐loss outcomes of completers treated at an academic weight‐management center between April 1, 2014, and April 1, 2016. Patients were classified as either unexposed (not prescribed psychotropic medication) or...
Objective
This study aimed to investigate the relationship between insulin resistance and markers of neuronal viability and energy metabolism, as well as the additive effects of overweight or obesity, in individuals with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).
Methods
Using 1H‐magnetic resonance spectroscopy, prefrontal N‐acetyl aspartate (NAA) and creatine levels, markers for neuronal viability and energy...
Objective
Research suggests that higher childhood self‐regulation (CSR) predicts lower adiposity in adolescence. However, it is unclear whether this relationship differs by sex or by baseline weight status. Thus, this study investigated these questions in a longitudinal, community‐based cohort.
Methods
The cohort included 221 girls and 214 boys. At age 9, CSR was assessed via parent/teacher reports...
Objective
This study was designed to determine whether intensive lifestyle intervention (ILI) aimed at weight loss lowers cancer incidence and mortality.
Methods
Data from the Look AHEAD trial were examined to investigate whether participants randomized to ILI designed for weight loss would have reduced overall cancer incidence, obesity‐related cancer incidence, and cancer mortality, as compared...
Objective
Bariatric surgery affects the quantity of food individuals can eat, yet some individuals still experience loss of control (LOC) while eating. This cross‐sectional study examined a new classification system for binge/LOC eating following bariatric surgery.
Methods
A total of 168 individuals who underwent bariatric surgery 6 months earlier and reported LOC eating were administered the Eating...
Objective
Uncoupling protein 3 (UCP3) is a mitochondrial carrier related to fatty acid metabolism. Although gene variants of UCP3 are associated with human obesity, their contribution to increased adiposity remains unclear. This study investigated the impact that loss of UCP3 has on diet‐induced obesity in rats.
Methods
Male UCP3 knockout rats (ucp3−/−) and wild‐type littermates (ucp3+/+) were...
Objective
The impact of weight loss induced by bariatric surgery (BS) and nonsurgical approaches on cardiovascular risk factors (CVRFs) has not been fully elucidated. We assessed the effects of BS and a nonsurgical approach on carotid intima‐media thickness (CIMT) and CVRFs in participants with class 3 obesity.
Methods
A total of 87 participants with obesity (59 women; 46 [37‐52] years old; BMI,...
Objective
The clinical manifestations of coronavirus disease (COVID‐19) run from asymptomatic disease to severe acute respiratory syndrome. Older age and comorbidities are associated to more severe disease. A role of obesity is suspected.
Methods
Patients hospitalized in the medical COVID‐19 ward with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2–related pneumonia were enrolled. The primary outcome...
Objective
The study aim was to identify changes in duodenal gene expression associated with the development of insulin resistance according to the BMI of women.
Methods
Duodenal samples were assessed by microarray in four groups of women, nonobese women and women with severe obesity, with both low and high insulin resistance.
Results
There was a group of shared downregulated differentially expressed...
Objective
This study aimed to examine whether BMI and weight discrimination are associated with psychological, behavioral, and interpersonal responses to the coronavirus pandemic.
Methods
Using a prospective design, participants (N = 2,094) were first assessed in early February 2020 before the coronavirus crisis in the United States and again in mid‐March 2020 during the President’s “15 Days to...
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