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Objective
Steatotic liver disease (SLD) is frequent in individuals with obesity. In this study, type 2 diabetes (T2D), sex, and menopausal status were combined to refine the stratification of obesity regarding the risk of advanced SLD and gain further insight into disease physiopathology.
Methods
This study enrolled 1446 participants with obesity from the ABOS cohort (NCT01129297), who underwent...
Objective
This prospective cohort study aimed to empirically derive phenotypes of children and adolescents with overweight and obesity.
Methods
Latent class analyses using Mplus were carried out in the Growing Up Today Study. Information on participants' weight status, disordered eating behaviors, body image and weight concerns, depressive symptoms, and pubertal timing, as well as and maternal...
Obesity is a chronic disease that affects more than 650 million adults worldwide. Obesity not only is a significant health concern on its own, but predisposes to cardiometabolic comorbidities, including coronary heart disease, dyslipidemia, hypertension, type 2 diabetes, and some cancers. Lifestyle interventions effectively promote weight loss of 5% to 10%, and pharmacological and surgical interventions...
Objective
In obesity, adipocyte hypertrophy is detrimental to health, but its' interrelation with fibrosis in the visceral adipose tissue (VAT) depot remains unclear. Because VAT is less accessible via biopsy, biomarkers for VAT quality are needed. The authors hypothesized that VAT adipocyte size and fibrosis are interrelated and can be estimated by circulating microRNAs (circ‐miRNAs), contributing...
Objective
This study investigated 36‐year BMI trajectories in twins whose BMI in young adulthood was below, within, or above their genetically predicted BMI, with a focus on twin pairs with large intrapair BMI differences (within‐pair ΔBMI ≥ 3 kg/m2).
Methods
Together, 3227 like‐sexed twin pairs (34% monozygotic) were examined at age ~30 years in 1975 and followed up in 1981, 1990, and 2011. An...
Mendelian randomization (MR) is a widely used method that exploits the unique properties of germline genetic variation to strengthen causal inference in relationships between exposures and outcomes. Nonlinear MR allows estimation of the shape of these relationships. In a previous paper, the authors applied linear and nonlinear MR to estimate the effect of BMI on mortality in UK Biobank, providing...
Objective
There is little evidence on the genetic associations between life‐course adiposity (including birth weight, childhood BMI, and adulthood BMI) and severe liver disease (SLD; including cirrhosis and liver cancer). The current study aimed to examine and contrast these associations.
Methods
Genetic variants were obtained from genome‐wide association studies. Two‐sample Mendelian randomization...
Objective
Excess visceral adipose tissue (VAT) is a major risk factor for metabolic syndrome (MetS) and clinical guidelines have been proposed to define VAT levels associated with increased risk. The aim was to standardize VAT measures between two dual‐energy x‐ray absorptiometry (DXA) manufacturers who provide different VAT estimates to support standardization of measures across imaging modalities...
Objective
Obesity is a driver of non‐alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), and interventions that decrease body weight, such as bariatric surgery and/or calorie restriction (CR), may serve as effective therapies. This study compared the effects of Roux‐en‐Y gastric bypass surgery (RYGB) and CR on hepatic function in mice with obesity and NAFLD.
Methods
C57BL/6J mice were fed a high‐fat diet to...
Objective
MicroRNA 484 (miR‐484) plays a pivotal role in the development and progression of different diseases and is typically described as a mitochondrial regulator. Whether miR‐484 is involved in lipid metabolism or exerts a role in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease remains unclear.
Methods
miR‐484 levels were examined in the livers of male mice fed a high‐fat diet and in hepatocytes treated...
Objective
The objective of this study was to determine whether children with healthy weight who vary by familial risk for obesity differ in executive functioning.
Methods
Children (age 7–8 years) without obesity (n = 93, 52% male) who differed by familial risk for obesity (based on maternal weight status) completed go/no‐go and stop‐signal tasks to assess inhibitory control and an N‐back task to...
Objective
Trends in use and continuity of use of diabetes‐specific and non‐diabetes weight‐reducing (WR), weight‐inducing (WI), and weight‐neutral (WN) medications were examined among US adults with diabetes and overweight/obesity.
Methods
Serial cross‐sectional data from Medical Expenditure Panel Surveys (2010–2019) for adults (≥18 years) with diabetes and BMI ≥27 kg/m2 (≥25 kg/m2 for Asians)...
Objective
Information about excess adiposity markers different from BMI and iron status is limited and more so about the shape of these associations. This study evaluated the relationship between three adiposity markers and iron‐deficient status in reproductive‐age women.
Methods
Cross‐sectional analysis in 6357 non‐pregnant women from the Colombian nutritional health survey (ENSIN) 2010. Exposures...
Objective
This study examined relationships of maternal pregnancy and postpartum diet quality with infant birth size and weight status indicators through 12 months and tested whether breastfeeding duration modifies these associations.
Methods
In the Pregnancy Eating Attributes Study (PEAS), dietary intake was assessed six times in 458 mothers who were followed from early pregnancy through 12 months...
Objective
The National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) characterizes body composition representative of the US population using dual‐energy x‐ray absorptiometry (DXA) scans. These population‐level trends of abdominal subcutaneous and visceral adipose tissue (SAT and VAT) are useful for identifying measures associated with increased disease risk. Recently, VAT and SAT data collected...
Objective
It is unknown whether weight change or physical fitness is associated with chronic kidney disease (CKD) risk among nondiabetic adults with obesity.
Methods
This was a prospective, longitudinal cohort study of adults with obesity without baseline CKD or diabetes enrolled in the Multi‐Ethnic Study of Atherosclerosis (MESA). Linear mixed‐effects and multistate models were adjusted for demographics,...
Objective
The study's objective was to investigate the association of fat mass index (FMI) and fat‐free mass index (FFMI) with all‐cause mortality and cause‐specific mortality in the Chinese population.
Methods
A total of 422,430 participants (48.1% men and 51.9% women) from the Taiwan MJ Cohort with an average follow‐up of 9 years were included.
Results
The lowest (Q1) and highest (Q5) quintiles...
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