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Objective
Omega‐6 and omega‐3 oxylipins are known to play a role in inflammation and cardiometabolic diseases in preclinical models. The associations between plasma levels of omega‐6 and omega‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acid–derived oxylipins and body composition and cardiometabolic risk factors in young adults were assessed.
Methods
Body composition, brown adipose tissue, traditional serum cardiometabolic...
Objective
This study investigated associations of adiposity and adiposity‐related biomarkers with incident type 2 diabetes (T2D) among parous women.
Methods
Among women in the Diabetes Prevention Program (DPP) who reported a previous live birth, circulating biomarkers (leptin, adiponectin, sex hormone‐binding globulin, and alanine aminotransferase; n = 1,711) were measured at enrollment (average:...
Objective
The purpose of this study was to investigate whether obstetric and perinatal socio‐behavioral characteristics at the time of pregnancy predict obesity phenotypes of adult offspring.
Methods
The Jerusalem Perinatal Study was conducted among 17,003 deliveries during 1974 to 1976. Follow‐up studies were conducted during 2007 to 2009 and 2017 to 2019 among 1,440 offspring undergoing examinations...
Objective
This study aimed to determine the impact of dietary weight loss (WL) plus aerobic exercise (EX) and a “move more, more often” approach to activity promotion (SitLess; SL) on WL and maintenance.
Methods
Low‐active older adults (age 65‐86 years) with obesity were randomized to WL+EX, WL+SL, or WL+EX+SL. Participants received a social‐cognitive group‐mediated behavioral WL program for 6...
Objective
The purpose of this study was to prospectively examine the effect of state stay‐at‐home mandates on weight of US adults by BMI over 3 months during COVID‐19.
Methods
US adults completed an online questionnaire containing demographics, weight, physical activity, sedentary time, fruit/vegetable intake, depressive symptoms, stress, and sleep at baseline (May 2020) and after 3 months (August...
Objective
This study aimed to evaluate trends in the use of obesogenic medications among adults.
Methods
Cross‐sectional data on adults aged ≥20 years are from the 1999 to 2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (n = 52,340). Obesogenic medications were defined according to the 2015 Endocrine Society guidelines on the pharmacological management of obesity. Weight status was categorized...
Objective
Native Hawaiian and Pacific Islander (NHPI) individuals report high obesity rates and low physical activity (PA) levels. This study examined associations between neighborhood social cohesion, obesity, and PA among NHPI adults.
Methods
Cross‐sectional data from the 2014 NHPI National Health Interview Survey were analyzed. Social cohesion was assessed using a summative scale and categorized...
Objective
The aim of this study was to evaluate the differences between the vaginal microbiome of reproductive‐aged women with overweight and obesity (Ow/Ob) compared with healthy weight (HW).
Methods
In this case‐control study, a cohort of 367 nonpregnant women (18 to 40 years) with Ow/Ob (BMI ≥25 kg/m2) was case‐matched with 367 women with HW (BMI 18.0 to 24.9 kg/m2). The study was a secondary...
Objective
The aim of this study was to identify determinants of endothelial dysfunction in patients hospitalized with acute COVID‐19.
Methods
A total of 109 hospitalized COVID‐19 patients in noncritical status were cross‐sectionally studied. Clinical data (age, sex, comorbidities, and medications) and BMI were assessed. Laboratory tests included serum hemoglobin, leukocytes, lymphocytes, platelets,...
“The Biggest Loser” weight‐loss competition offered a unique opportunity to investigate human energy metabolism and body composition before, during, and after an extreme lifestyle intervention. Here, I reinterpret the results of “The Biggest Loser” study in the context of a constrained model of human energy expenditure. Specifically, “The Biggest Loser” contestants engaged in large, sustained increases...
Objective
The aim of this study was to estimate long‐term impacts of health education interventions on cardiometabolic health disparities.
Methods
The model simulates how health education implemented in the United States throughout 2019 to 2049 would lead to changes in adult BMI and consequent hypertension and type 2 diabetes. Health outcome changes by sex, racial/ethnic (non‐Hispanic White, non‐Hispanic...
Objective
Multiple trials have demonstrated the metabolic effects of sodium/glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors in patients regardless of diabetes status, and recent trials have been conducted on the combined sodium/glucose cotransporter 1 and sodium/glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT1/SGLT2) inhibitors. Therefore, a meta‐analysis was conducted to investigate the weight reduction effects and dose‐response...
Objective
The weight losses after bariatric surgery are modulated by multiple factors in people with obesity. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have been reported to show significant regulatory roles in adipose tissue. However, a serum miRNA signature to serve as a biomarker of sustained weight losses following bariatric surgery has not yet been established.
Methods
MiRNA microarray was used to identify differentially...
Objective
A first‐in‐human responsive deep brain stimulation (rDBS) trial (NCT03868670) for obesity is under way, which is based on promising preclinical evidence. Given the upfront costs of rDBS, it is prudent to examine the success threshold for cost‐effectiveness compared with laparoscopic Roux‐en‐Y gastric bypass (LRYGB).
Methods
Efficacy and safety data on LRYGB and safety data on rDBS were...
Objective
The Neighbourhood Environments in Waterloo: Patterns of Active Transportation and Health (NEWPATH) study examined built environment influences on travel, physical activity, food consumption, and health. This collaboration between researchers and practitioners in health and transportation planning is the first, to our knowledge, to integrate food purchasing, diet, travel, and objectively...
Objective
This review examines main government and nongovernmental institutions for childhood obesity prevention and control in China, as well as major national interventions for childhood obesity.
Methods
PubMed, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang, official websites of national governments and professional institutions/associations, Baidu.com, and Google.com were systematically...
Objective
Obesity is a chronic disease that disproportionately affects individuals from nonmajority racial/ethnic groups in the United States. Research shows that individuals from minority racial/ethnic backgrounds consider it important to have access to providers from diverse backgrounds. Health care providers and scientists from minority racial/ethnic groups are more likely than their non‐Hispanic...
Objective
This study aimed to assess the effectiveness of different exercise modalities and determine the optimal exercise prescription for improving cardiorespiratory fitness, body composition, and metabolic health of women with obesity.
Methods
A systematic review of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) published between January 1988 and October 2020 was conducted. The RCTs were screened using...
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