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Objective
This study aimed to investigate whether and how lipid peroxidation markers are associated with height and obesity measures.
Methods
In two independent samples of women (Study 1: n = 1,005; Study 2: n = 1,158), systemic levels of lipid peroxidation were assessed by urinary markers F2‐isoprostanes (F2‐IsoPs) and its major metabolite (F2‐IsoP‐M), with gas chromatography/negative ion chemical...
Two genomes regulate the energy metabolism of eukaryotic cells: the nuclear genome, which codes for most cellular proteins, and the mitochondrial genome, which, together with the nuclear genome, coregulates cellular bioenergetics. Therefore, mitochondrial genome variations can affect, directly or indirectly, all energy‐dependent cellular processes and shape the metabolic state of the organism. This...
Objective
This study aimed to determine whether chronic metformin use interferes with the improvements in insulin resistance (IR) and cardiorespiratory fitness with aerobic training in people with hyperglycemia and metabolic syndrome (MetS).
Methods
A total of 63 middle‐aged (53 [7] years) individuals with MetS and obesity (BMI = 32.8 [4.5] kg/m2) completed 16 weeks of supervised high‐intensity...
Excess dietary sucrose is associated with obesity and metabolic diseases. This relationship is driven by the malfunction of several cell types and tissues critical for the regulation of energy balance, including hypothalamic neurons and white adipose tissue (WAT). However, the mechanisms behind these effects of dietary sucrose are still unclear and might be independent of increased adiposity. Accumulating...
Objective
Type 2 diabetes (T2D) is associated with significant end‐organ damage and ectopic fat accumulation. Multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can provide a rapid, noninvasive assessment of multiorgan and body composition. The primary objective of this study was to investigate differences in visceral adiposity, ectopic fat accumulation, body composition, and relevant biomarkers between...
Objective
This study estimated the effect of BMI on circulating metabolites in young adults using a recall‐by‐genotype study design.
Methods
A recall‐by‐genotype study was implemented in the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children. Samples from 756 participants were selected for untargeted metabolomics analysis based on low versus high genetic liability for higher BMI defined by a genetic...
Objective
This study examined associations between BMI and dietary sugar intake with sucrose‐induced fibroblast growth factor 21 (FGF21) and whether circulating FGF21 is associated with brain signaling following sucrose ingestion in humans.
Methods
A total of 68 adults (29 male; mean [SD), age 23.2 [3.8] years; BMI 27.1 [4.9] kg/m2) attended visits after a 12‐hour fast. Plasma FGF21 was measured...
Objective
This study aimed to measure the impact of the COVID‐19 pandemic on self‐reported life experiences in older adults with diabetes and obesity.
Methods
Participants were surveyed in 2020 regarding negative and positive impacts of the pandemic across domains of personal, social, and physical experiences. A cumulative negative risk index (a count of all reported negative impacts of 46 items)...
Objective
Bariatric surgery increases the risk of postoperative gallstone formation. Many studies have proposed ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA) as a preventive agent for postoperative gallstone formation. This study aimed to investigate the effect of UDCA on gallstone formation after bariatric surgery in patients without preoperative gallstones.
Methods
PubMed, the Web of Science, the Cochrane Library,...
Objective
Metabolic bariatric procedures are potentially efficacious treatment options in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Previous meta‐analyses focused on individual operative approaches rather than the mechanistic pathways behind different bariatric procedures. This updated network meta‐analysis aimed to synthesize new evidence and comparatively evaluate the efficacy of metabolic...
Objective
Obesity is associated with consumption of a Western diet low in dietary fiber, while prebiotics reduce body weight. Fiber induces short‐chain fatty acid (SCFA) production, and SCFA administration is beneficial to host metabolic homeostasis. However, the role of endogenous SCFA signaling in the development of obesity is contentious. Therefore, the primary objective of this study is to evaluate...
Objective
Complement C3 and other components of the alternative pathway are higher in individuals with obesity. Moreover, C3 has been identified as a risk factor for cardiovascular disease. This study investigated whether, and how, a weight‐loss intervention reduced plasma C3, activated C3 (C3a), and factor D and explored potential biological effects of such a reduction.
Methods
The study measured...
Objective
Higher protein intake during weight loss is associated with better health outcomes, but whether this is because of improved diet quality is not known. The purpose of this study was to examine how the change in self‐selected protein intake during caloric restriction (CR) alters diet quality and lean body mass (LBM).
Methods
In this analysis of pooled data from multiple weight loss trials,...
Objectives: The metabolic dysfunction driven by obesity, including hyperglycemia and dyslipidemia, increases risk for developing at least 13 cancer types. The concept of “metabolic dysfunction” is often defined by meeting various combinations of criteria for metabolic syndrome. However, the lack of a unified definition of metabolic dysfunction makes it difficult to compare findings across studies...
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