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Objectives
Reducing the increased number of white adipocyte progenitors (WAP) is considered a novel approach to controlling obesity. The role of omega‐3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) in regulating the WAP resident population is unclear. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of omega‐3 PUFA on the niche composition of adipose‐derived stem cells.
Methods
Stromal vascular...
Objective
This study aimed to investigate whether weight bias is apparent in young and older children’s interactions during a paired reading activity.
Methods
One hundred seventy‐two children (57% girls) read a book in which the main character, “Alfie,” was portrayed either as average weight or as having obesity. Younger children (mean = 6.1 years) were paired with a same‐sex older child (mean...
Objective
This study examined the relative impact of breastfeeding duration and timing of solids introduction on BMI z score (BMIz) trajectory in early childhood.
Methods
This study conducted secondary analyses of data from the Melbourne Infant Feeding, Activity and Nutrition Trial (InFANT) Program (N = 542), a prospective cohort study with data collected at birth and 3, 9, 18, 42, and 60 months...
Objective
Decreased radiodensity of adipose tissue (AT) located in the visceral AT (VAT), subcutaneous AT (SAT), and intermuscular AT (IMAT) abdominal depots is associated with hyperglycemia, hyperinsulinemia, and insulin resistance independent of AT volumes. These associations were sought in African‐ancestry men, who have higher risk for type 2 diabetes and have been underrepresented in previous...
Objective
This study aimed to quantify and compare the amount, activity, and anatomical distribution of cold‐activated brown adipose tissue (BAT) in healthy, young, lean women and men.
Methods
BAT volume and 18F‐fluorodeoxyglucose uptake were measured by positron emission tomography and computerized tomography in 12 women and 12 men (BMI 18.5‐25 kg/m2, aged 18‐35 years) after 5 hours of exposure...
Objective
Previous studies have reported that individuals with obesity have reduced taste perception, but the relationship between obesity and taste is poorly understood. Earlier work has demonstrated that diet‐induced obesity directly impairs taste. Currently, it is not clear whether these changes to taste are due to obesity or to the high‐fat diet exposure. The goal of the current study was to...
Objective
The accumulation of adverse events in childhood is linked to obesity, although the short‐term (1 to 2 years) dynamics of weight change during life events has not been investigated.
Methods
In the Eunice Kennedy Shriver National Institute of Child Health and Human Development Study of Early Child Care and Youth Development, mothers reported life events in the past year when their children...
Objective
This study aimed to investigate the prospective interrelationships among biomarkers that may provide mechanistic insights into obesity‐related diseases.
Methods
A total of 850 women in the Nurses’ Health Study II with two fasting blood measurements (1996‐1999 and 2010‐2011) of adiponectin, leptin, soluble leptin receptor, insulin, retinol‐binding protein 4, high‐sensitivity C‐reactive...
Objective
In contrast to the association between excess weight and sickness absence (SA), the association in relation to underweight has been under‐researched. This study aimed to examine the effects of BMI at both extremes of its distribution on SA.
Methods
Data came from the Japan Epidemiology Collaboration on Occupational Health study of 77,760 workers aged 20 to 59 years (66,166 males, 11,594...
Objective
This study aimed to investigate the potential antiobesity effect of genetically modified Escherichia coli Nissle 1917 (EcN‐GM) in mice fed a high‐fat diet (HFD).
Methods
The mice were randomly divided into six groups: a normal diet group (ND), a HFD group, a HFD + EcN group, and three HFD + EcN‐GM groups. The effects of EcN‐GM on body weight, food intake, fat pad and organ weight, and...
Objective
The aim of this study is to characterize changes in body composition during pregnancy in women with obesity.
Methods
Fifty‐four healthy women with obesity (class 1, 30‐34.9 kg/m2: n = 25; class 2, 35‐39.9 kg/m2: n = 21; class 3, ≥ 40.0 kg/m2: n = 8) expecting a singleton pregnancy were studied. Body composition was measured in early pregnancy (13‐16 weeks), midpregnancy (24‐27 weeks),...
Objective
This study aimed to compare a state‐of‐the‐art bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) device with two‐point Dixon magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for the quantification of visceral adipose tissue (VAT) as a health‐related risk factor.
Methods
A total of 63 male participants were measured using a 3‐T MRI scanner and a segmental, multifrequency BIA device. MRI generated fat fraction (FF)...
Objective
The purpose of this article is to characterize metabolomic profiles of four overweight/obesity (OWOB) and metabolic risk (MetRisk) phenotypes among 524 adolescents aged approximately 13 years.
Methods
A four‐level phenotype variable (non‐OWOB and low MetRisk, non‐OWOB and high MetRisk, OWOB and low MetRisk, and OWOB and high MetRisk) was created using BMI percentile to define OWOB, and...
Objective
Differences in discriminative and predictive ability for all‐cause mortality of two clinical staging systems, the Edmonton Obesity Staging System (EOSS) and Cardiometabolic Disease Staging (CMDS), were estimated.
Methods
Data for nonpregnant persons aged 40 to 75 years were extracted from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Predictive and discriminative ability was assessed...
Objective
This study aimed to determine (1) the level of agreement between BMI, circumference‐based equation (CBE) measures, waist circumference (WC), and bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA) measures and (2) whether BMI, CBE measures, or WC alone or in combination adequately reflects adiposity in military personnel compared with BIA.
Methods
BMI from measured height and weight (using military...
Objective
Both aerobic physical activity and muscle‐strengthening exercise are recommended for obesity prevention. However, at the population level, the independent and/or combined associations of these physical activity modalities with obesity are unknown. The aim of this study was to examine the associations between aerobic physical activity and muscle‐strengthening exercise with obesity among...
Objective
The study’s purpose was to use validated questionnaires to identify novel behavioral and psychological strategies among weight loss maintainers (WLMs) in a commercial weight management program.
Methods
Participants were 4,786 WLMs in WW (formerly Weight Watchers, New York, New York) who had maintained weight loss ≥ 9.1 kg (24.7 kg/23.8% weight loss on average) for 3.3 years and had a...
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