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Sporadic voiding within the interfacial Cu3Sn intermetallic compound (IMC) layer-sometimes referred to as ??Kirkendall voiding??-has been found to lead to degradation of solder joint reliability in board level, mechanical shock testing. It has been suggested that the voiding phenomenon is a result of the incorporation of organic impurities in the copper (Cu) deposit during electroplating. In the present...
This paper deals with presentation of some new aspects of solder ternary alloy 96.5Sn3Ag0.5Cu (wt.%) - SAC305, in order to determine variations in mechanical properties and microstructure caused by treatment in vapour phase soldering (VPS) as well as by accelerated isothermal aging. These specimens have been melted and solidified on HASL (hot air solder levelling) and Ni/Au (ENIG) PCB (printed circuit...
The atom diffusion and growth behavior of intermetallic compound (IMC) at Sn3.5Ag0.5Cu/Cu interfaces under isothermal aging and thermal-shearing cycling conditions were investigated. The results show that the morphology of Cu6Sn5 IMCs formed at Sn3.5Ag0.5Cu/Cu interface changed gradually from scallop-like to chunk-like, and IMCs thickness developed with the isothermal aging and thermal-shearing cycling...
In this paper, the effect of SiC nano-particles in micro-solder bump was investigated. SiC nano-particles were dispersed by using ultrasonic homogenizer in plating solution of eutectic Sn58Bi solder and codeposited in eutectic Sn58Bi solder bumps. Solder bumps were fabricated on patterned wafer. Prepared samples were aged for 100, 256 and 400 hrs at 100??C respectively, and then the observation of...
The present study investigates the effect of 1~5 wt.% Indium additions on microstructure, properties and interfacial IMC's formation of Sn-3Ag-2Sb(SAS) lead-free solder alloys. Experimental results show that addition of indium results in formation of intermetallic compounds of Ag-Sn-In phase and InSb phase. Sn atoms in Ag3Sn compound formed originally in Sn-Ag solder system are replaced by In atoms...
The solders used for this study are Sn2.5Ag0.8Cu doped with 0.03 wt.% Fe, Co, or Ni and 0, 0.005, 0.01, 0.06, or 0.1 wt.% Ni. Reaction conditions included multiple reflows for up to 10 times and solid-state aging at 160degC for up to 2000 hrs. In multiple reflow study, Cu6Sn5 was the only reaction product observed for all the different solders used. Reflows using the solder without doping produced...
Gradually diminishing solderability and potential risk of whisker growth are two major concerns in using immersion tin as a final finish for printed wiring boards. Both phenomena are attributable to the spontaneous formation of intermetallic compounds (IMC) of Cu6Sn5 and Cu3Sn between the tin coating and copper substrate. The formation of IMC consumes the free tin in the coating that is essential...
The effects of the fourth Ni element on microstructure and monotonic shear strength of Sn-3.0Ag-0.5Cu lead-free solder were investigated. The addition of the Ni element makes the new (CuxNi1-x)6Sn5 phase, which improves the solder microstructure. The results indicate that the addition of Ni element increases the shear strength of solder joint. When the content of Ni is 0.10 wt.%, the shear strength...
Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) observations were carried out to investigate the microstructural evolution of SnBi/single crystal (100) Cu interface during reflow and solid-state aging process. It was found that there were two kinds of IMCs, Cu6Sn5 and Cu3Sn, at the interface after reflow. The Cu3Sn grains grew along [100] direction of Cu with columnar morphology. During aging, new triangle...
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