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Wide bandgap materials have become very attractive for power electronics due to their physical properties that allow junction temperatures up to a theoretical limit of 600°C. In contrast, the maximum operation temperature of conventional silicon semiconductors is limited to approximately 200°C. The high-temperature operation of wide bandgap switches allows an increasing power density of power converters...
In this work, IMC (Inter metallic compound) of lead free (Sn-Ag-Cu (SAC)) and lead (62Sn-36Pb-2Ag (SP)) solder joint on the four kinds of surface finished of ball grid array (BGA) pad, such as Immersion Tin (ImSn), Organic solderability preservatives (OSPs), Ni-P/Pd/Au (ENEPIG), and Ni-P/Au (ENIG) were investigated by Focus Ion Beam microscope (FIB). Sample after failure ageing conditions (Baking...
A new lead-free solder alloy Sn3Ag0.5Cu3Bi0.05Cr (SACBC) was prepared by adding 3.0 wt.% Bi and 0.05 wt.% Cr on the basis of the composition of Sn3Ag0.5Cu(SAC). The tensile strength and the growth behavior of the interfacial intermetallic compound (IMC) of SAC/Cu substrate and the SACBC/Cu solder joints during isothermal aging at 150°C for 0, 24, 168, 500 and 1000 hours were comparatively investigated,...
Intermetallic compounds (IMCs) that grow on the interface between the solder alloy and its bonding pads play a crucial role in the reliability of solder joints. It has been identified that the cracking around the IMC layer is the primary failure mode in lead-free solder joints. Therefore the mechanical behavior of the IMC has attracted great attentions. In this paper, mechanical properties of two...
The fatigue fracture behaviors of a series of Cu/lead-free solder joints deformed under different directions of loadings were investigated in this study. Observation results showed that fatigue cracks generally initiate around the IMC/solder interface when the loading axis is vertical to the interface. For all the solder joints, the interfacial deformations are resulting from strain localization induced...
Effect of Cu substrates and solder alloy on the formation of kirkendall voids in the solder joints during thermal aging was investigated. Solder joints with three types of Cu bonding pads (electroplated Cu, polycrystalline Cu and single-crystal Cu) and Sn-based solders (Sn-3Ag-0.5Cu and Sn-37Pb) were prepared, and subsequently the samples were aged at 150°C and 175°C, Under the same aging conditions,...
Sporadic voiding within the interfacial Cu3Sn intermetallic compound (IMC) layer-sometimes referred to as ??Kirkendall voiding??-has been found to lead to degradation of solder joint reliability in board level, mechanical shock testing. It has been suggested that the voiding phenomenon is a result of the incorporation of organic impurities in the copper (Cu) deposit during electroplating. In the present...
In this work, the SAC solder joints with minor Mn or RE (rare earth) additions were bonded on the substrate of OSP Cu surface finishes for evaluating the influence of minor alloying on BIT (ball impact test) behavior. The Mn-doped samples had a better resistance to the degradation in BIT performance suffering long time aging at 150??C. The greater impact force and toughness compared to the other samples...
It is gradually recognized that Sn-Ag-Cu is better alloy system for application prospect in the lead-free solders. In order to cut down the cost and improve properties, researchers have always been searching for proper compositions and adding elements to improve properties actively. This paper has investigated the effect of Ni addition on Sn-0.3Ag-0.7Cu (SAC0307) low-Ag solder joint. The results of...
Pure Sn, Sn-0.7Cu, Sn-1.5Cu and Sn-3.0Cu solder joints were fabricated by a laser reflow soldering method, and then they were aged at 125degC for various periods. After 600 hours treatment, we found that thickness of Intermetallic Compounds (IMCs) in the pure Sn solder joints was 54mum. However, in the solder joints with Cu addition, formation of AuSn4 IMCs was inhibited, and other two kinds of Sn-Cu-Au...
The excessive growth of intermetallic compound (IMC) and the formation of microvoids in the interface between Sn-Ag-Cu (SAC) solder and Cu substrate have been a serious problem which may degrade the solder joints reliability. Recently, a new Cu-Zn alloy solder wetting layer for the Pb-free solders has been developed to reduce the IMC growth rate. In this paper, the kinetics of IMC growth and the shear...
SnPb solder joints are an essential part for microelectronic packages manufacturing industrial for a long time. In recent year, environmental concerns and RoHS (Restriction of Use of Hazardous Substances) has demanded elimination of lead from electronics products by July 1, 2006. However, base on increasing pressures to achieve environmentally friendly electronic materials and processes, and indeed,...
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