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Routing Protocol for Low power and lossy networks (RPL) is a proactive algorithm for Low-power and Lossy Networks (LLNs). Recent growth in Internet of Things (IoT) applications has made proactive handling of mobility apparent. While RPL does not tackle mobility, mRPL addresses it by adopting a proactive Hand-Off strategy. Since this strategy follows a greedy approach to select the next hop, a best...
Node mobility plays an important role in the routing performance for MANETs. Many protocols provide parameters to adapt to different levels of mobility, but this is a global optimization (i.e., typically all nodes choose the same parameter values and they use these parameters throughout their participation in a MANET). We choose the monitored number of link breaks as key mobility metric and observe...
The deployment of ZigBee networks is expected to facilitate numerous applications, such as home healthcare, medical monitoring, consumer electronics, and environmental sensors. For many envisioned applications, device mobility is unavoidable and must be accommodated. Therefore, providing ubiquitous connection to/from a mobile ZigBee device is crucial for future ZigBee applications. In particular,...
In the MANET with high mobility, many routing responses of the contiguous nodes in the DSR routing protocol can not arrive to the resource nodes. So the routing requests which broadcast to these nodes produce much unnecessary use. We can acquire relatively steady routing responses if we chose the contiguous nodes to start the routing require which with less mobility compare with resource nodes. This...
Under the opportunistic network environments, normal network protocols can hardly transfer data successfully and efficiently. In order to overcome this problem, many new routing algorithms have been raised pertinently. Thereinto, the Epidemic routing algorithm is a typical approach, which maintains least delay with a highest delivery ratio. However, it is a defective method for routing data as it...
In this paper, we investigated the performance of some routing protocols for Ad-Hoc Networks under CBR and TCP traffic source. The behaviors of TCP still have not well understood in the multi-hop wireless networks. Through this paper we are able to find that how TCP will react under different network conditions. In this traffic and mobility scenarios play an important role in evaluating the performance...
Wireless technology based on the IEEE 802.11 standard is used to support multiple types of communication services (data, voice, and image) with different QoS requirements. Node mobility creates a continuously changing communication topology in which paths break and new one form dynamically. The routing table of each router in an adhoc network must be kept up-to-date. MANET uses Distance Vector or...
Based on the IEEE 802.15.4 LR-WPAN specification, the ZigBee standard has been proposed to interconnect simple, low rate, and battery powered wireless devices. The deployment of ZigBee networks is expected to facilitate numerous applications, such as home healthcare, medical monitoring, consumer electronics, and environmental sensors. For many of the envisioned applications, device mobility is unavoidable...
One of the main challenges for a sensor network is conserving the available energy at each sensor node and then prolonging the network lifetime. Many energy efficient/conserving routing protocols have been proposed to the issue; however, the ldquofunnelling effectrdquo in multi-hop communications which describes the convergence of data traffic towards the static sinks (Base Stations) remains a major...
Performance analysis is of major importance in the design of routing protocols in ad hoc networks. Many of these analyses were run on the synthetic mobility models which resemble the behavior of real "mobile entities". Based on such models, basic conclusions with respect to critical network parameters can be provided. Therefore, good mobility models should be designed to draw conclusions...
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