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This study presents the effect of residual energy of nodes in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs). There are many issues and challenges that still need to be solved in this area especially for energy contrain. This factor considered during clustering and routing approached to maximize network lifetime. To prolong network lifetime, there is a need for efficient power control mechanisms to reduce power...
Secure data collection is an important problem in wireless sensor networks. Different approaches have been proposed. One of them is overhearing. We investigate the problem of constructing a shortest path overhearing tree with the maximum lifetime. We propose three approaches. The first one is a polynomial-time heuristic. The second one uses ILP (Integer Linear Programming) to iteratively find a monitoring...
Power distribution network is the bridge between power transmission and power consumers, which is an important part of directly feeling the service quality of the power supply by consumers. Intelligent power distribution network of smart grid is an important means to improve power supply reliability and quality of power supply, and real-time monitoring of the distribution network is an important foundation...
Recently, the major challenge in the design of wireless sensor networks is to enhance the network lifetime. Many researchers have studied the problem of constructing virtual backbones, which are the backbones used for different time periods, in order to prolong the network lifetime. In this paper, we study the problem of constructing virtual backbones in dual-radio wireless sensor networks to maximize...
In this paper, we propose an energy-efficient on-demand multicast routing protocol (EMP) for wireless ad hoc and sensor networks. The design objective is to prolong the network lifetime of such networks. For this purpose, EMP introduces the strategy of energy critical avoidance in the process of ondemand construction of multicast routing trees. That is, those energy-critical nodes in the network are...
One of the primary mechanisms to mitigate idling energy consumption and reduce communication activities in Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) is to put nodes to low duty cycle operation as long as possible. Keeping a small time window (the listen period) is a challenging task, and thus requires appropriate tailoring of duty cycle so as not to compromise network performance. In this work, we explore an...
The most important consideration in designing protocols for wireless sensor networks is the energy constraint of nodes because in most cases battery recharging is inconvenient or impossible. Therefore, many research have been done to overcome this demerit. Clustering is one of the main approaches in designing scalable and energy-efficient protocols for wireless sensor networks. The cluster heads take...
In this paper, a centralized hierarchical-based routing protocol, that distributes energy load among sensor nodes based on their residual energy, is proposed. The performance of the proposed protocol is evaluated via intensive simulation. Simulation results show that the proposed protocol outperforms the well-known Base-Station Controlled Dynamic Clustering Protocol (BCDCP) in terms of network lifetime...
Design an energy efficient routing protocol for wireless sensor network is a very important issue because of the constrained energy of sensor nodes. In this paper, an energy efficient routing protocol (VBT-EBHRP) is proposed. In this protocol, a virtual backbone tree is constructed and based on the virtual backbone tree, a routing tree is constructed. The residual energies of the virtual backbone...
In this paper, we propose a multi-reply extension to AODV routing protocol in attempt to find the path with higher residual energy in ad hoc networks. The routing scheme of AODV, without concerning energy condition of nodes in its route discovery stage, can easily lead to depletion of nodes and partitioning of the network. To solve this problem, the proposed protocol accounts for energy conditions...
In this paper, we introduce a novel routing algorithm which is based on ant colony system. The objective of this novel algorithm is to solve the problem of energy and congestion control on wireless sensor network routing process. This novel algorithm is able to achieve better load balance and prolong the network lifetime. In this novel algorithm we combine the pheromone released by multi-ant colonies...
Quality of service support for MANETs is a challenging task due to dynamic topology and limited resources. The main purpose of QoS routing is to find a feasible path that has sufficient resources to satisfy the constraints. In this paper a novel QoS routing algorithm based on ant colony optimization is proposed. The proposed algorithm uses Ant-like agents to discover and maintain paths, that satisfy...
Wireless microsensor networks usually consist of a large number of small sensor nodes with limited onboard energy supply and deployed densely in a given area for information harvesting purposes. To reduce energy consumption and prolong network lifetime, clustering techniques are often used, among which the grid-based ones are very popular due to their simplicity and scalability. In this paper, we...
One of the main challenges for a sensor network is conserving the available energy at each sensor node and then prolonging the network lifetime. Many energy efficient/conserving routing protocols have been proposed to the issue; however, the ldquofunnelling effectrdquo in multi-hop communications which describes the convergence of data traffic towards the static sinks (Base Stations) remains a major...
In a wireless sensor network, the routing control overhead is prohibitive because mostly many nodes are involved in routing. To overcome the overhead problem, tier based anycast protocol was proposed in (Kulkarni et al., 2006). However, it has a shortcoming of using much more energy compared to other competitors of deterministic routing protocols in transmitting data packets towards the sink node...
Sink mobility has become an increasingly important requirement of various sensor network applications. Handling such mobile sink conditions brings new challenges to large-scale sensor networking. This investigation proposed a hybrid-structure routing protocol (HSRP) that combines the benefits of grid-based and cluster-based structures. Grid-based structure is designed to solve the cluster head selection...
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