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Vehicular communication systems have significant benefits. Their adoption and use in motor vehicles can help prevent road traffic accidents, increase route efficiency and fuel economy, and positively impact the user experience. As autonomous vehicles and inter-vehicular communication systems are becoming increasingly commonplace, the need for robust and secure wireless communication between vehicles...
The Prophet routing algorithm is a multi-copy algorithm which is based on historical information and transitive probability, which selects the relay node with a high probability to encounter the destination node. However, the selection of a relay node does not consider the current congestion level of node. Even if the current relay node has a high delivery probability to the destination node, it may...
Prolonging lifetime is an important issue in wireless sensor networks. When the sink is stationary in the network, the nodes close to the sink are bottleneck nodes since they relay more traffic than the other nodes. In this paper, we focus on balancing energy to prolong the networks lifetime. To protect the nodes around the sink, an uneven transmission policy is investigated. Moreover, by considering...
Delay-Tolerant Networks (DTNs) are sparse dynamic wireless networks, where most of the time a complete end-to-end path from the source to the destination does not exist. There are many real networks that follow this model, for example, military networks, vehicular ad-hoc networks (VANETs), wildlife tracking sensor networks, etc. In this context, conventional mobile ad-hoc routing schemes would fail,...
Intermittently Connected Mobile Networks (ICMNs) are sparse wireless networks where most of the time an end-to-end path does not exist from source to destination. These networks are characterized by opportunistic connectivity, long and variable delay, asymmetric data rate and high error rate. Hence, they can be appropriately modeled as Delay-Tolerant Networks (DTNs). In this paper, the performance...
In delay tolerant networks, the design of routing strategy is very challenging due to the characteristics of dynamic topology, long delay and intermittent connectivity. Most of existing routing strategies neglect the number limitation of intermediate nodes during forwarding messages. Owing to the small-world feature in delay tolerant networks, messages can reach destination nodes at most by five or...
In a Delay Tolerant Network (DTN), where nodes are constantly moving and the connection of nodes are intermittent, messages are delivered by replicating to neighbor nodes in hopes of delivering to the destination in a timely manner. This causes a DTN network to have many duplicates even long after the message has reached its destination. In this paper, we develop a new routing protocol that helps...
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) often need to operate under strict requirements on energy consumption and be capable of self-adapting to the presence of non-trusted nodes which do not fully cooperate in the packet forwarding operation. In such an environment, the mechanism employed for the calculation of routing paths of minimum cost in terms of the number of transmissions executed for the reliable...
The forwarding activities of Pocket Switched Network (PSN) under social scene has attracted increasing attention, which are deeply affected by the social features of PSN nodes, especially the social network structure and characteristics of selfishness among nodes that jointly construct their behavior model under an opportunistic forwarding environment. Through both analysis and simulation, we investigate...
Vehicular Ad hoc Networks (VANETs) have significant potential to host diverse applications associated with traffic safety, traffic efficiency and infotainment. VANETs have distinct characteristics and adapting routing protocols for effective communication is a subject of interest for many researchers in this domain. In this paper, we propose a position based Delay Tolerant Network (DTN) routing protocol...
In this paper we focus on beacon-based routing optimization of data-gathering wireless sensor networks. Such a network consists of a sink node and a number of scattered sensor nodes which send data packets back to the sink in a multihop fashion. Usually the routing messages, denoted as “beacon”, are initiated by the sink and spread out the whole network by flooding or gossiping. We believe that the...
In this paper emphasizing the relation between outage and power, we propose a novel cooperative routing algorithm, called Outage-aware K-shortest paths Cooperative Routing (OKCR), which minimizes the transmitted power while exploiting the merit of cooperative communication. The OKCR algorithm (i.e., inherently based on Yen's K- shortest paths algorithm) finds the best route between the source and...
In this paper, a series of novel secure dynamic routing protocols are proposed to provide the end-to-end security. Unlike the existing dynamic routing protocols with security consideration which focus on a certain specific network threat, in the paper the proposed approach is based on a comprehensive network security evaluation framework. By analyzing the threats, vulnerabilities, countermeasures,...
In recent years new research studies have appeared that concern the issue of network planning in LTE-Advanced. In this paper, the coverage problem in LTE-Advanced relay networks is formulated based on integer linear programming (ILP). We propose the Enhanced tree (E-Tree) algorithm to place the evolved Node B (eNB) and relay station (RS) at the location which has the lowest construction cost. The...
Delay tolerant networks are intermittently connected. In this paper, we propose a DTN routing scheme EBR. The scheme is based on the idea of exploiting inter-contact time between mobile nodes to predict the number of nodes with no copy a node will encounter within the expected delay. In EBR, every node with message copies dynamically chooses the number of copies by itself. We evaluate the performance...
In ZigBee wireless networks that use DAAM (Distributed Address Assignment Mechanism), the scheme may prohibit a node from accepting a child by network parameters. To address the problem, we propose BAIR (Borrowed Address Assignment based on Inheritance Relation) algorithm. Firstly the orphan is divided into the orphan router and the orphan end device, then BAIR assigns the borrowed address from parents...
When low power mobile devices communicate over short range wireless networks using technologies such as WiFi, Bluetooth, ZigBee etc., the contacts are often opportunistic and intermittent due to range, mobility and energy constraint. While the DTN architecture provides a framework to support opportunistic and intermittent connectivities, existing DTN routing algorithms do not consider application...
The operation of Ad-hoc networks depends on the cooperation among nodes to provide connectivity and communication routes. However, such an ideal situation may not always be achievable in practice. Some nodes may behave maliciously, resulting in degradation of the performance of the network or even disruption of its operation altogether. To mitigate the effect of such nodes and to achieve higher levels...
Due to the limited energy-source and mostly unattended nature of the wireless sensor networks, efficient use of energy has a critical importance on the lifetime of the applications accomplished by such networks. Although in most of the cases sensor nodes are battery-powered, there are application scenarios in which battery- and mains-powered nodes coexist. In this paper, we present an approach and...
In this paper, we propose a new energy efficient Location Error Aware Routing (LEAR) protocol, which takes into account the location error being experienced by the forwarding relay. The majority of geographically informed routing algorithms assume access to accurate location information. However, in practical systems location measurements are prone to inaccuracies. In this work, we investigate how...
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