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Limited travelling range is a major concern for fully electric vehicles (FEVs), and enlarging the total driving range is a main research topic of FEVs. Recently, with the development of intelligent transportation systems, traffic information can be available for the vehicle control systems, like terrain profile and velocity and acceleration of preceding vehicles. With such information, energy-efficient...
an optimal driving region (ODR) of electric vehicle (EV) is determined here for changing a speed during acceleration. The ODR which is restricted by two extreme driving points comprises multiple driving strategies (acceleration(s) and the corresponding acceleration duration). ODR was decided by solving an optimization problem that includes three conflicting objectives, minimizing total acceleration...
Electric buses are an obvious alternative to conventional diesel buses in terms of decreasing exhaust gas emissions of the public transportation. The electrification not only contains the exchange of the drivetrain but also the deployment of storage and charging system. A simulation model is developed in order to obtain energy consumption, battery size and charging time, etc. Taking technical characteristics...
In this paper, a temporal multi-objective ant colony optimization (ACO) algorithm is proposed to generate the routing plan for electric vehicles to fulfill the various requirements of drivers under a time-dependent stochastic traffic environment. The algorithm optimizes the route length, traveling time, energy, battery recycling lifetime and cabin temperature integrally, and meets constraints on arrival...
The high energy consumption associated with acceleration requires electric vehicles (EVs) to accelerate to a chosen speed optimally, particularly in urban driving cycles. Existing methods deal with the minimization of acceleration energy without considering the acceleration duration. This paper focuses on solving a multiobjective optimization problem (MOOP) with two conflicting objectives: minimization...
This paper provides a sensitivity analysis of the required EV propulsion power with respect to environmental factors such as wind speed, rolling resistance and temperature. The results obtained show the degree to which environmental factors affect overall battery power and energy usage for electric transportation. The paper provides analytical expressions as well as simulations to illustrate the key...
Growth of Electric vehicles (EV) starts to change the way that people transit. Several factors that affact the performance of EVs and environment including energy efficiency, safety, product durability, climate, geographical factor, infrastructure, and grid capacity need to be further investigated to cope with upcoming challenges. These issues mainly involve three fields including information technology,...
Making use of the grid in Beijing, a dual-source trolleybus was developed, and achieved driving it by battery packs in off-grid area. Because of using a composite power system, the energy flow of the vehicle is multi-directional and multi-dimensional. To use the energy rationally, the energy flow was researched and energy consumption was tested with grid accessing The energy consumption distribution...
In this paper, a plug-to-wheel energy balance is made of battery electrical vehicles. The study is based on real data from a two years continuous monitoring of five Peugeot iOn cars, that was performed in Belgium since June 2011, with the financing and support of Electrabel. Different driving styles, trip profiles, type and intensity of use were observed, leading to different energy patterns. The...
For the electric city bus demonstration operating in Chinese city, based on establishing the system model, this paper uses constant speed and Hefei of Anhui province of China as driving cycles, mainly analyses the influence of the vehicle mass and the average power of the electric auxiliary on the endurance mileage and energy consumption. Simulation results show that, the electric bus studied in this...
The TU/e has developed a battery electric vehicle (BEV) using a VW Lupo 3L as donor platform. The differences between the initial design calculations and actual vehicle performance are analysed. Battery charging and discharging efficiency, acceleration performance and top speed are as expected. The range at low, constant speeds is less than expected, due to a higher rolling resistance and lower power...
Energy management strategies play a critical role in the fuel consumption of hybrid and Plug-in Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEV). Most advanced energy management techniques may be further optimized by help of information obtained from Intelligent Transportation Systems (ITS). Following the previously studied impact factors on PHEV energy consumption, in this paper new impact factors are studied. Energy...
It is very important for a battery electric vehicle to improve energy utilization efficiency because of limited energy storage on board. According to different viewpoint and requirements for battery electric vehicles, four kinds of evaluation methods were established, respectively. Analysis and comparison between different evaluation methods were performed with the help of simulation and bus demonstration...
Energy is a limited resource in wireless sensors networks. One kind of digital wireless gas node with low power consumption is designed and implemented, the main point of energy saving technology is advanced and the design of each model is given in details. With analysis and computation of the energy consumption of real gas node, the following conclusion is made: the gas node with low power consumption...
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