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The plug-in of nodes in already synchronized Wireless Sensor Network (WSN) can perturb the synchronization accuracy. In the case of the plug-in of one node, the consensus based synchronization algorithm permits to deploy the local interactions among nodes, and, as a consequence, to detect and ignore the Non Synchronized Node (NSN). In the case of multiple nodes, the detection of NSNs can be misstated...
This paper proposes an estimator for refining the inaccurate positions and clocks of the anchors during the localization and synchronization of a sensor node in a wireless sensor network. It solves the highly nonlinear problem in closed-form through parameter transformation and multi-stage weighted least squares processing. Theoretical analysis and simulation studies show that the proposed estimator...
Testbeds are indispensable for debugging and evaluating wireless embedded systems. While existing testbeds provide ample opportunities for realistic, large-scale experiments, they are limited in their ability to closely observe and control the distributed operation of resource-constrained nodes—access to the nodes is restricted to the serial port. This paper presents FlockLab, a testbed that overcomes...
Accuracy and power saving are two important quality of service (QoS) metrics in most applications of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) especially in acoustic target localization. The middleware layer of WSNs is responsible to properly manage the network-level resources and accurately setting the network parameters in support of these two application-level QoS metrics. A critical middleware-level task...
Wireless Sensor Network for their rapid deployment can be used in habitat monitoring for detecting fire and in disaster for helping rescue teams. Node localization is key factor for some applications. We propose the Triangular Centroid Localization algorithm (TCL). It is based in simple trigonometric figures and it does not require special hardware or synchronization time. In our simulations using...
Although there are a lot of synchronization protocols in WSN, almost all of them face the same problem, that is, synchronization overhead has not been well controlled. The root of this problem is that they have adopted the same basic communication model- pairwise communication model. Increasing communication overhead in synchronization shortens the lifetime of the system and limits the wide application...
The behavior of Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) is nowadays widely analyzed. One of the most important issues is related to their energy consumption, as this has a major impact on the network lifetime. Another important application requirement is to ensure data sensing synchronization, which leads to additional energy consumption as a high number of messages is sent and received at each node. Our proposal...
A method of combining broadcasting TPSN synchronization protocol with node local clock self-correction is proposed through analyzing the nature of TPSN synchronization protocol and star-structure network, aiming at the low energy consumption of wireless sensor network and the accuracy which it requires to clock synchronization. Experimental results show that the method may prolong synchronization...
To wireless sensor network, this paper analyzes present scheme of time synchronization, that are controlled severely by some program planned beforehand. By introducing mobile agent, a loose time synchronization regime is proposed, which has intelligent ability. It fits for some certain situation of non-sensitive accuracy or energy-saving of wireless sensor network. The regime can be divided to two...
Wireless Sensor Networks (WSN) are used in a great number of applications. Unfortunately the programming of each node is till now a problem that limits the diffusion of this technology in commercial applications. In fact, in order to meet the strict requirements of the WSN, such as power optimization, specific operative systems (TinyOS) and programming languages have been used. On the contrary, the...
The standards for wireless sensor communications usually do not pose severe constrains on time synchronization methods. In fact, when used for communication purposes, an overall time synchronization accuracy on the order of tens of microseconds is well enough. For this reason, timestamping mechanisms (the basic feature exploited by all algorithms) are often not specified. Real world transceivers,...
Sensor localization in wireless sensor networks is an important component of many applications. Previous work has demonstrated how localization can be achieved using various methods. In this paper we focus on achieving fine-grained localization that does not require external infrastructure, specialized hardware support, or excessive sensor resources. We use a real sensor network and provide measurements...
Ranging and localization are some of the key applications in a wireless sensor network. Good accuracy can be obtained if the signals captured are of good qualities. In a practical scenario, crystal clock timing drift in the devices in a wireless sensor network will greatly influence the ranging and localization accuracy. In this paper, we shall use Time Difference of Arrival technique to determine...
This paper presents an Agent-based Timing-Sync Algorithm (ATSA) for sensor networks that aims at providing network-wide time synchronization in a sensor network. ATSA works in three steps as following. Firstly, the root time node is selected, and then a hierarchical structure is established in the network, finally, by using time-agent, a pair wise synchronization is performed along the edges of this...
In wireless sensor networks (WSN), location information is important to ensure both performance and efficiency of WSN. This paper presents a new positioning method in WSN with reasonable implementation cost and excellent performance. Given a few beacon nodes with known locations and node range estimates based on beacon signals, all nodes' location information can be derived in a passive active mode...
Acoustic target tracking is one of the application areas of wireless sensor networks (WSNs) in which time synchronization error influences the results of target tracking. Algebraic numerical methods are used to solve simultaneous equations of target tracking. A more efficient approach is to use algebraic geometry for solving simultaneous equations of target tracking, but the analytic study of error...
Time synchronization is an important service for wireless sensor network applications. Nodes in the network stay synchronized by exchanging periodic messages that carry local timestamps. Several algorithms have been proposed in the literature that are suited to different kinds of application scenarios. A common problem across these time synchronization algorithms is that the energy cost of message...
Target tracking is one of the popular applications of wireless sensor networks (WSN). Randomly distributed sensor nodes(motes) in environment gather spatio-temporal information about target(s) and send them to a sink node for further processing. Motes like personal computers use low cost crystal based clocks. In order to maintain synchronization accuracy to acceptable levels, we shall need to synchronize...
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