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Redundant via insertion is highly recommended for improving chip yield and reliability. In this paper, we studied the problem of simultaneous double via insertion and wire bending (DVI/WB) in a postrouting stage, where a single via can have at most one redundant via inserted next to it. Aside from this, we are allowed to bend existing signal wires for enhancing the insertion rate of double vias. The...
In most of the embedded systems the basic theme is performing multiple tasks periodically. The execution time of each task in such systems is variable. Hence, it is crucial to schedule the tasks in an appropriate manner to guarantee reliable system performance. This paper deals with comparing scheduling methodologies which are commonly used in embedded systems. For this we consider here three methodologies...
Underwater wireless sensor networks (UWSNs) are prone to message loss due to their poor link condition with high bit error rate (BER). Retransmission-based mechanisms such as ARQ can be used for the reliability, however, they are not suitable for UWSNs due to the inherent long propagation delay of UWSNs. Therefore, a forward error correction (FEC) mechanism might be an alternative in order to guarantee...
A study was carried out to investigate customer satisfaction level towards the public transportation services provided by Consortium Express Bus Company. 200 respondents consisting of 65 men and 135 women participated in the study survey. The survey was conducted in three bus stations in Kuala Lumpur and Selangor areas, namely Pudu Bus Station, Kajang Bus Station, and Putra Bus Station. Importance-Performance...
This paper proposes a simple and practical RAID reconstruction optimization scheme, called JOurnal-guided Reconstruction (JOR). JOR exploits the fact that significant portions of data blocks in typical disk arrays are unused. JOR monitors the storage space utilization status at the block level to guide the reconstruction process so that only failed data on the used stripes is recovered to the spare...
The scheduling and execution for grid application is an important problem in the grid environment. To get the high reliability and efficiency, we propose a runtime reputation based grid resource selection algorithm. According to the accumulated raw score, the runtime reputation degree for a grid resource is quantified as an evaluating score in the runtime of an application. Instead of being dependent...
Guaranteeing quality of service (QoS) for event delivery has been recognized as an important but challenging issue in event based middleware (EBM), that is responsible for routing events from publishers to subscribers over an event broker network. Amongst the numerous QoS parameters, in our work, we focus on reliability as a service guarantee to subscribers in an EBM. We add to the existing body of...
This paper proposes a new method for the incorporation of the generation unit and transmission line unavailability in the solution of the unit commitment problem. The above parameters are taken into account in order to assess the required spinning reserve capacity at each hour of the dispatch period, so as to maintain an acceptable reliability level. The unit commitment problem is solved by a Genetic...
Expanding the extra high voltage transmission system and improving the transfer capability of the network are the primary tasks of the power network. With the increasing expansion transmission system scale, the super large scale network has taken shape. According to the definition of available transfer capability by North America Electric Reliability Council (NERC), we know that ATC not only depends...
Due to the importance of power/ground network, lots of researches have been made on it. But they only focused on the minimal area of it. By discussion on the relation among Vdd, performance and power consumption, this paper proposes an optimal algorithm using GA and SLP method where area, performance and power consumption can be simultaneously evaluated. As a result, the power/ground network is designed...
This paper presents a soft reliability-based binary message-passing algorithm for decoding LDPC codes. This algorithm outperforms the existing weighted bit-flipping algorithms with much less computational complexity. It is particularly effective for decoding LDPC codes constructed based on finite-geometries and finite fields. The proposed algorithm can be simplified for applications in communication...
Photocurrent spectroscopy investigation of InGaP/ GaAs Multi-Quantum Wells (MQW), formed by an alternate sequence of nominally undoped 12 nm/8 nm thick InGaP/GaAs layers, is reported. The MQW, interposed between two p+ and n+ InGaP cladding layers, were grown lattice matched on n+-GaAs substrates through Metal Organic Vapour Phase Epitaxy by using tertiarybutyl-arsine and tertiarybutyl-phosphine as...
Aiming at limitations of the current fault diagnosis of the software-intensive equipment (SIE), considering the advantages of D-S evidential theory at dealing with multi-information, this paper presents a method of fault diagnosis at the decision level based on D-S evidential theory. The method establishes system structure of fault diagnosis, constructs the reasonable basic probability assignment...
Either for hardware or software repairable system, reliability analysis is very important. However, failure data analysis for repairable system is not an easy task. The widely used AMSAA model (power law process) is a kind of NHPP, corresponding to minimal repair. According to the variety of the reliability of repairable systems, accounting for the influences of the modification and repair, the repair...
This paper presents design and characterization of a MEMS comb accelerometer designated for integration into surgical probe to detect tissue hardness during cataract removal surgery. It helps the surgeon to avoid rupturing posterior lens capsule which if occurs leads to severe complications such as glaucoma, infection, or even blindness. The microsensor having overall dimensions of 480 ??m ?? 395...
The hybrid electric vehicle (HEV) is a trend for automobiles in the world because the oil is more and more hard up for providing, and it makes our environment polluted badly. For our motherland, along with the increasing automobile industry, she is becoming a badly pollution and lean-oil country. The demand for hybrid electric vehicle is especially urgent. Chongqing Changan automobile group makes...
While realizing that the mobile agent technology has significant meaning to network management systems, we also realized the limitation of current mobile agent systems and the need for the combination of mobile agents and Web technology; thus, through adding a queuing mechanism into mobile agent system and combining mobile agent system with the Web technology, an efficient and reliable model for network...
We evaluate the reliability of storage system schemes consisting of an equal numbers of data disks and parity disks where each parity disk contains the exclusive or (XOR) of two or three of the data disks. These schemes are instances of Survivable Storage using Parity in Redundant Array Layouts (SSPiRAL). They have the same storage costs as mirrored organizations and use very simple parity schemes...
Existing power-aware optimization schemes for disk-array systems tend to strike a delicate balance between energy consumption and performance while ignoring reliability. To achieve a reasonably good trade-off among these three important design objectives in this paper we introduce an energy efficient disk array architecture, called a Green RAID (or GRAID), which extends the data mirroring redundancy...
According to the principle of IGCT(integrated gate commutated thyristor) and the real demand of IGCT gate drive circuit, a novel topology and its control strategy of IGCT gate drive circuit are proposed. A gate drive circuit for reverse-conducting IGCT with 1100A/4500V ratings adopting hard driven and integrated gate technique has been realized, which possesses high switching speed, simple structure...
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