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In this paper, the computational modeling of the 2D human breast in hyperthermia treatment at 2.45 GHz is studied. The mathematical tool used in this study for investigating the distribution of generated heat is the COMSOL software where the breast is modeled by Pennes' bioheat equation. The model simulation is conducted to investigate the effects of exposure time and power inputs on the cancerous...
A clinical breast examination (CBE) is a thorough examination of the breast and the underarm area by trained healthcare professional to check for abnormalities. A CBE may be done if a woman finds a lump or change in her breasts, or as part of a woman's regular physical examination. A periodic screening with CBE and mammography results in reduced breast cancer mortality. A simulator for virtual training...
Tissues have different electrical conductivity and metabolic energy consumption values depending on their state of health and species. Since metabolic heat generation values show differences from tissue to tissue, thermal imaging has started to play an important role in medical diagnoses. Temperature differences of healthy and cancerous tissue may be changed by means of frequency dependent current...
A novel general formulation of the response sensitivity analysis has been proposed recently. This sensitivity-analysis method has enabled the development of a conceptually new detection algorithm. The performance of this algorithm was tested on a realistic breast-tumour detection problem through ultra-wideband time-domain simulations. The detection relies on images obtained from the response derivatives...
The active contour or Snake is a computational model that can trace boundaries of images. It is formulated based on controlled continuous splines and adopts energy minimization conception. This paper presents the application of Snakes for the segmentation of masses on breast ultrasound images. The boundaries of the masses identified may be used in locating potential cancerous cases for further analysis...
We have implemented a new algorithm for the electromagnetic inverse scattering problem in inhomogeneous media using a MATLAB-based finite difference frequency domain (FDFD) forward model. This algorithm, referred to as FDFD-based inverse method, constructs a near-linear expression for inversion from the matrix form of the forward model and uses a vector-based Born approximation without employing an...
Fluorescence lifetime imaging has gained popularity as a sensitive technique to monitor the functional/conformational states of NADH - one of the main compounds of the oxidative phosphorylation. We hereby review the development and current application of cellular metabolism observation via NADH FLIM, illustrating it with examples of physiological and pathological states.
Breast cancer conservative treatment (BCCT) is considered the gold standard of breast cancer treatment. However, aesthetic results are heterogeneous and difficult to evaluate in a standardised way. The limited reproducibility of subjective aesthetic evaluation in BCCT forced the research on objective methods. A recent computer system was developed to objectively and automatically evaluate the aesthetic...
A nonlinear three-dimensional time-domain inverse scattering method was investigated, and was used to successfully reconstruct accurate 3D images of various unknown objects using time-domain data. It was shown that this technique has a resolution of 0.1 wavelength. This method could present a promising tool for the early-stage breast cancer detection as well as other medical imaging applications.
Microwave breast imaging techniques have been proposed over the past few years because of their potential for breast cancer diagnosis. The basis is the high contrast in electrical properties between malignant and normal human breast tissues at the microwave frequency region. The observed high contrast is due to significantly different fluid contents, sodium concentrations, and electro-chemical properties...
In this letter, we present a new waveform-diversity-based ultrasound hyperthermia technique for the treatment of breast cancer. Waveform diversity offers a new paradigm for beampattern design. By choosing a proper covariance matrix of the transmitted waveforms under the uniform elemental power constraint, the ultrasound system can provide a focal spot matched to the entire tumor region, and meanwhile,...
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