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In this paper an image reconstruction system and an algorithm for image reconstruction is developed and studied. The purpose is to determine and optimize a reconstruction scheme that is suitable for microwave imaging of breasts, with the purpose to diagnose breast cancer tumors. The present study is based on data generated from realistic breast models and in particular the use of different matching...
In this letter, a novel method for the generation of numerical 3-D clinically informed breast tumor models for microwave imaging applications is proposed, which greatly enhances flexibility in creating clinically realistic models. The proposed method was clinically validated through collaboration with breast cancer clinicians and conforms to the BI-RADS labeling standards. Moreover, the issue of clinically...
In this paper an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) based radar data processing approach has been assessed as a possible aid for the breast cancer diagnosis. The aim is not to achieve the imaging of the cancerous breast but to detect the existence or not of a tumor, independently by his depth and width. In the context of such purpose we use 2D realistic geometries of the healthy breast derived from the...
Magnetic nanoparticles have been recently proposed as contrast agent in microwave breast cancer imaging. As a matter of fact, being human tissues non-magnetic, their use would allow achieving a reliable and specific diagnosis of breast cancer, by pursuing the reconstruction of a magnetic contrast into a totally electric scenario. In this communication, we investigate the adoption of compressive sensing...
This study presents the first experimental results using a pre-clinical UWB prototype imaging system for tumour classification based on the shape of tumours. A database of 13 benign and 13 malignant tumours with average diameters between 13 and 40 mm was created using dielectrically-representative tissue-mimicking material. Classification of benign and malignant tumour models of the experimental data...
We compare the tumor detection ability of a time-domain microwave radar system for breast cancer screening fed with two different pulses. We conduct measurements on highly realistic breast phantoms using as inputs to our system both a generic pulse and a pulse reshaped with a synthesized broadband reflector (SBR) designed to have a frequency profile advantageous for tumor detection. We perform measurements...
This paper presents an experimental early breast cancer detection system in terms of heterogeneous breast phantom. The system consists of commercial Ultrawide-Band (UWB) transceivers and our developed Neural Network (NN) based Pattern Recognition (PR) software for imaging. A simple way to construct cancer- tissue and heterogeneous breast phantom using available low cost materials and their mixtures...
Microwave-based techniques for breast tumour detection rely on the inherent electrical difference between malign and healthy tissue in the microwave range. Microwave-radar and microwave-induced thermoacoustic methods both struggle when the dielectric contrast between the tumorous and background tissues is relatively small. In this work, we propose a detection technique that uses a hypothesis testing...
Breast Microwave Radar (BMR) is a novel non ionizing imaging modality capable of producing high contrast images and detecting tumors of at least 4mm. Although recent studies have shown its potential as a complimentary breast imaging technique, several aspects of this technology need to be optimized before it can be used in clinical scenarios. In this paper, the spatial sampling effects on monostatic...
In radar based confocal microwave imaging for breast cancer detection, recorded data are synthetically focused to a confocal point within the breast. This is the basis for both data-independent and data adaptive methods to form the breast image and can be enhanced by multistatic approach. This approach inherently assumes that the propagation velocity depends only on the average dielectric property...
A microwave imaging system prototype has been developed for early breast cancer detection. The system is based on impulse Ultra-Wideband (UWB) radar technology. A novel, practical calibration method has been applied in our system to remove the large received signals due to both skin backscattering and Tx/Rx antenna coupling, and to underline the reflection/scattering from object of interest. This...
Simulation experiment of breast cancer detection has been performed using an ultrashort-pulse radar (USPR) system. Breast models for the experiment are made by cooking-oil. We measure reflection data to reconstruct images of the breast models with dielectrics alien objects and discuss the image reconstruction in different frequency bands.
Microwave tomography is currently being researched for breast cancer detection. Our research has shown that clinical imaging preferably has to be made in a full 3D setting. In this paper we show results in order to evaluate the performance of a clinical system under construction.
Microwave radar imaging for breast cancer detection is one promising technique to replace/supplement X-ray mammography and MRI. Previously developed imaging algorithms have been applied to the signals generated from breast models comprising large dielectric contrast and relatively homogeneous tissue. This study investigates five imaging algorithms applied to the signals generated from more realistic...
In this paper, the algorithm of a novel imaging method based on Ultra WideBand (UWB) microwave signals has been developed and presented. The method is based on the Huygens Principle (HP), which removes the need to solve inverse problems and consequently, the need for matrix generation and inversion. Aside from the simplicity of the HP, it enables the detection of the extent to which different tissues,...
The concept of an Ultra Wideband (UWB) Monopulse Microwave Radar System for detection and location of breast cancer is described. The system uses a two-element Tapered Slot Antenna (TSA) array accompanied by a UWB 180° hybrid which scans the breast. When the breast tissue features symmetry with respect to the array axis and the hybrid enables the 180° out phase feeding operation, the array automatically...
Ultra-wideband (UWB) microwave imaging is a promising technique for detecting early stage breast cancer, which exploits the significant contrast in dielectric properties between normal and malignant breast tissues. In this paper, we have proposed a new modified compensation method and beamforming technique for microwave imaging. We used a three dimensional (3-D) Finite Integration Technique (FIT)...
We develop a three-dimensional (3-D) microwave imaging technique, which is extended from the forward-backward time-stepping (FBTS) algorithm and the Tikhonov's regularization approach, to determine the sizes and positions of tumors within breast. The effectiveness of reconstructing quantitatively of breast composition using the presented technique is demonstrated by a numerical example based on a...
This paper proposes a method that combines a data-independent beamformer with Matrix Pencil (MP) method to take into consideration the morphological properties of the malignant tissue. The simulated results have shown the resonant frequency and damping factor of complex natural resonance (CNR) are capable of differentiating the malignant tissue from other significant interferers such as benign lesions...
The key to surgical planning for breast conservation is tumor localization. An accurate localization of the breast tumor is essential to guide the surgeon to the lesion, and ensure its correct and adequate removal with satisfactory excision margins. Current breast tumor localization techniques are invasive and often result in a cosmetic disfigurement. In this paper, we use the ultrawide band radar-based...
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