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This paper describes an automatic technique to segment the ventricles from brain MRI of young children. The segmentation approach involves skull stripping, extraction of the total cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), isolation of extra-cerebral CSF, removal of CSF in the sulci and fissures and final ventricle segmentation. The segmentation achieves a mean Dice ratio of 0.9246, sensitivity of 0.9363 and specificity...
Medulloblastoma (MB) is the most common brain tumor in children. There are four distinct subtypes of MB, but patients with anaplastic/large cell have the worst prognosis. Since the morbidity is highly correlated with treatment for MB, the ability to distinguish aggressive (such as anaplastic/large cell) MB is crucial. We present a scheme that leverages quantitative image texture features (Haar, Haralick,...
Medulloblastoma (MB) is the most common brain tumor in children. Recent studies have demonstrated a relationship between specific signaling pathway abnormalities, a tendency to more favorable outcomes, and a histopathological feature: nodular growth patterns. In this work we present a new segmentation scheme which requires minimal user interaction to segment nodules on MB histopathological sections...
Our research aims to aid children with Asperger Syndrome in communication by information technology. We proposed an interactive prototype to assist children to communicate with people at school, home or care centre. Our main concern is to have the design that is affordable and portable. Our prototype emphasizes on localization of contents, it allows each user to create and import the self related...
Recent studies have found the consistent contralateral high gamma activities in sensorimotor cortex in adults during a unilateral finger movement. However, no study has ever reported the same phenomenon in children. We hypothesized that the contralateral high gamma activities also exist in children during a unilateral finger movement. Sixty normal children (6-17 years old) were studied with a 275-channel...
This paper aims to investigate how robotic devices can be used to understand the mechanism of sensorimotor adaptation in pediatric subjects affected by hemiparetic cerebral palsy. Previous studies showed how healthy adults, after training in presence of a systematic structured disturbing force field, show an “after effect” and therefore they highly adapt and compensate the external disturbance. An...
To investigate the functions of cranial 3D ultrasound in the assessment of growth and development of the volume of frontal lobes in children with perinatal brain injury, 226 neonates of different gestational ages and 86 full term with perinatal brain injury were selected as subjects. The volume of frontal lobe of neonate increased with gestational age within 7 days after birth (r=0.676, P<0.05)...
Peripheral neuroblastic tumors (pNTs) make the most commonly encountered tumor groups in children. Neuroblastoma, one of the categories in pNTs, is known to have unique biological behaviors with variable clinical prognoses of the patients. Part of the neuroblastoma prognosis is closely related with grade of neuroblastic differentiation. In this work, we present an automatic classification system that...
Building of atlases representing average and variability of a population of images or of segmented objects is a key topic in application areas like brain mapping, deformable object segmentation and object classification. Recent developments in image averaging, i.e. constructing an image which is central within the population, focus on unbiased atlas building with nonlinear deformations. Groupwise...
Computed tomography is used as an aid in the diagnosis of tuberculous meningitis (TBM) for the examination of a number of visual indicators of the disease. We present an algorithm that uses modified fuzzy c-means clustering to segment CT images of the brain into different tissue types. The ventricle/brain ratio is then calculated to measure hydrocephalus, a common sign of TBM in children
Virtual reality (VR) has the potential to offer experiences which are engaging and rewarding. In VR, the focus is shifted from the person's efforts in producing a movement or completing a task to that of interaction with the virtual environment. We have found that participants place value and meaning on and enjoy the activities programmed. Virtual reality interventions have been shown to improve cognitive...
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