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The introduction of Space division multiplexing (SDM) in optical networks brings new challenges for protection of networks since a lightpath can span multiple cores. In this paper, we investigate the problem of dynamic protection against two simultaneous failures in spacial division multiplexing elastic optical networks. For that, we propose a new path-protection sharing spectrum and straddling p-cycle...
All-optical (transparent) wavelength-division multiplexing (WDM), a cost-effective and low power consumption solution for core transport networks, suffers from physical-layer impairments that accumulate along optical paths. In this context, it is important to find dynamic routing schemes with good performance that can consider the optical-layer constraints. In this paper, we propose the alternative...
In this paper, we have investigated the impact of optical regeneration on elastic optical networks that are capable of providing dynamically optical paths with flexible bandwidths. We have evaluated and compared the performance, in terms of the overall blocking probability and the total accommodated traffic volume, of three possible network scenarios with regeneration capability including 1) no regeneration,...
To achieve optimal data routing along fiber optics, analytical and algorithmic methods are used. When some degradation factors cause temporary optical fiber impairment, optimization of data routing is an essential problem. However, the temporality is quite vague and, some network parameters are difficult to quantify. While optimizing temporarily changed route in an optical network, any cooperating...
Fragmentation in Elastic Optical Networks is an issue caused by isolated, non-aligned, and non-contiguous frequency slots that can not be used to allocate new connection request to the network, due to the optical layer restrictions imposed to the Routing and Spectrum Assignment (RSA) algorithms. To deal with this issue, several studies about Spectrum Defragmentation have been presented. In this work,...
Due to the bufferless nature of optical burst switched (OBS) networks, contention/congestion in the core network can quickly lead to degradation in overall network performance at moderate to high traffic levels due to heavy burst losses. Several approaches have been explored to address this problem, notably measures that would minimize burstification delays, congestion, blocking at the same time enhancing...
High reliability performance of network is essential to minimize the possible network service interruption time, particularly in optical backbone networks where a large amount of data can be affected by a single failure. The existing studies on improvement of network reliability performance assume that failures of network devices are not related to the traffic load, which on the other hand, is not...
In this paper, we address the problem of routing, space and spectrum assignment (RSSA) in survivable flex-grid networks that implement spatial division multiplexing (SDM). In our consideration, we focus on two switching policies for the SDM (namely, independent and joint) while the network survivability is provided by dedicated path protection (DPP). We formulate the problem (RSSA-DPP) as an integer...
The paper investigates a problem of allocating three types of flows (unicast, anycast, multicast) in elastic optical network (EON) with dedicated path protection (DPP). We model the problem using integer linear programming (ILP) and propose solution methods: two greedy algorithms and column generation (CG)-based approach. The main paper focus is put on proposal and comparison of several CG versions...
Requirement for high bandwidth internet traffic is growing rapidly now-a-days. Utilization of the available resources becomes troublesome due to rise in the number of users. So it is important to provide the resources efficiently. To solve the problem of resource provisioning, many developments have been made by the researchers. During working hours, the scheduled traffic is huge and sluggish during...
Elastic optical network paradigm supports the fast growth of Internet traffic due to its highly flexible spectrum assignment and bandwidth-variable optical paths. Orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) based elastic optical networks supports sub-wavelength and super-wavelength services directly in optical level and also accommodate different data-rate traffic. It supports high speed data...
In this work, aiming to enhance network automation and service fairness, we formulate a stackelberg game for flexible service provisioning in an IP over elastic optical network (IP-over-EON). In the proposed game, the service provider is the leader and maximizes its revenue by pricing the lightpaths in the EON layer and changing their capacities adaptively, while the incoming requests are the followers...
The software defined optical network (SDON) service plays an important role in the production and operation of the network system. It's important to solve the problem of how to reduce the risk and distribute the service path more rationally. However, most of the existing algorithms do not take into account service importance. In this paper, a risk balancing routing assignment mechanism based service...
The flow aggregation scheme which aggregates a large number of finer-grained services into one large flow can save transceivers and improve spectrum efficiency. It ensures that all services in the aggregated flow have a same routing. Moreover, the spectrum allocated to all finer-grained services in the aggregated flow is continuous. Compared with independent transmission scheme which conducts the...
We present a heuristic algorithm to address the optimization problem of routing and spectrum allocation, aimed at traffic protection and restoration in an elastic optical network. The algorithm searches for working and backup disjoint paths, using the shared path protection scheme. It divides the spectrum into two partitions and prioritizes slots in one of them for backup path traffic. The way the...
We proposed an extended OpenFlow-based control mechanism for multiple connections in the OpenScale architecture to achieve Coflow-aware bandwidth scheduling. Experimental demonstration verifies its overall feasibility.
We design a metric to measure the occupied holding time difference of frequency slots. With the metric, a routing and spectrum allocation algorithm in dynamic scenario is proposed to improve the network spectral utilization. Evaluation results show the proposed algorithm outperforms obviously in blocking probability.
In this work, aiming to enhance network automation and service fairness, we formulate a stackelberg game for flexible service provisioning in an IP over elastic optical network (IP-over-EON). In the proposed game, the service provider is the leader and maximizes its revenue by pricing the lightpaths in the EON layer and changing their capacities adaptively, while the incoming requests are the followers...
A resource allocation scheme consisting of joint assignment of routing, wavelength and time-slot is proposed to construct different channels in software-defined optical networks secured by quantum key distribution (QKD). Security level is considered by key-updating period.
We propose an inter-core crosstalk-aware routing, spectrum and core allocation scheme with spectrum bands and spatial Sp-Chs in multi-dimensional optical networks to get higher SE and lower XT. 15% reduction in XT is achieved.
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