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HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HAND) is a group of syndromes of varying degrees of cognitive impairment affecting up to 50 % of HIV-infected individuals. The neuropathogenesis of HAND is thought to be driven by HIV invasion and productive replication within brain perivascular macrophages and endogenous microglia, and to some degree by restricted infection of astrocytes. The persistence of...
Combination antiretroviral therapy has significantly reduced morbidity and mortality with HIV infection. However, HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders persist at a relatively high prevalence rate despite successful systemic treatment. This paper reviews the current issues related to the neurocognitive impact of antiretroviral treatment.
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