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Solar photovoltaic (PV) renewable energy systems are undergoing major technological developments and large-scale field deployment and electric grid integration. This paper proposes a method of expanding the capacity of an existing irrigation farm with additional pumps powered by solar PV. The system includes PV arrays and battery energy storage connected to a common dc bus, which energizes an array...
This paper proposes a novel parallel control for modular ESSs through the comparative analysis of various conventional parallel control types The VSI modules for ESSs operating in parallel must satisfy the following fundamental requirements: 1) high load sharing performance, 2) tight output regulation, 3) high redundancy, 4) high applicability to both modes for ESSs However, conventional approaches...
In this paper the virtual synchronous generator control is introduced to MW-Scale Medium Voltage power system. The virtual synchronous generator with its inertia and damping features can be considered as an improvement for the communication-less control method (droop control). The MW-Scale Medium Voltage is generally preferable for its high power density, reduced current level, and reduced losses...
Energy storage technology is an important measure for power output of new energy generation system. T-type three-level structure is adopt as the topology of energy storage inverter. Mathematical model of grid-connected operation in ABC coordinate system and dq coordinate system is built. A double closed loop control strategy of which inner loop current and outer loop power control is proposed. The...
This paper proposes modulation and control strategy for a single-phase to three-phase (1p-3p) indirect matrix converter (IMC) drives. The 1p-3p IMC is composed of a singlephase current source rectifier (1p-CSR) and a three-phase voltage source inverter (3p-VSI). The 3p-VSI is operated with modulation strategy similar to that of a common inverter. The 1p-CSR must be operated with a restriction where...
In this paper, a virtual synchronous generator with photovoltaic energy storage hybrid system (VSG-PV) is adopted. VSG-PV can not only output the maximum power of photovoltaic, but also can maintain a stable voltage and frequency of the point of common coupling when system worked in the island model comparing to the conventional photovoltaic generation system. The small signal model of the hybrid...
This paper presents a comprehensive overview of power converters and their control techniques for AC microgrids. The aim is to give an insight and direction for researchers and applications on promising topologies, control, and application within future smart grid. The paper first focuses on presenting various power converter topologies used in AC microgrids. Then, suitable control techniques for...
This paper proposes an energy storage unit integrated dual input PV system with distributed maximum power point tracking (MPPT). Through applying a symmetrical configuration, the proposed PV system has a single stage structure to implement voltage boosting and inversion, which contributes to the advantages such as compact size and high power conversion efficiency. The design of the control strategy...
In order to realize maximum power output of photovoltaics (PV), reduce line losses, and decrease abandoned solar energy during weak irradiance, a new medium voltage grid-connected PV system structure based on cascaded converters was proposed in this paper. A transformerless cascade step-up structure, instead of applying line-frequency step-up transformer, is proposed to connect PV directly to the...
A grid-connected inverter with energy storage and active DC-link voltage balancer circuit is presented. The system is implemented with two identical 100kW three-phase converters. The operating limits of the system under asymmetric grid currents with the given hardware architecture are considered and solutions for symmetrisation of the DC-link are proposed.
We, East Japan Railway Company, have already installed three energy storage systems in d.c. railway power supply system around Tokyo area for regenerative energy utilization and are now constructing new regenerative inverter system at Tokyo Station. In this paper, advantages and disadvantages of those systems will be compared. Furthermore, the examples of load waveforms of traction power supply system...
This paper presents an assessment of energy management and energy efficiency through regenerative braking, reversible substations, load shifting and time shifting methods. The paper also compares the Eskom different tariffs with the Municipality tariffs. This may involve the switching off of expensive substations during peak hours and only use adjacent substations with cheaper tariffs. Timetable changes...
This paper presents a new power supply consisting of an inverter and a power factor correcting stage with an integrated active energy storage for servo drives. The energy storage is realized with a capacitor and a DC-DC-converter. This enables the power supply to reuse the braking energy of servo drives instead of losing it in a braking chopper resistor. The main advantage is the simple integration...
The presented paper evaluates measurement results and reports about further development from the vehicle to grid system presented in [1] and [12]. It uses a number of mass-production electric vehicles in sink and source mode to balance the load of an industrial plant by cutting off its peak loads. The actual load is detected and the balancing power is calculated by a predictive algorithm which keeps...
There is an increasing prevalence of energy storage systems on the electricity grid network. However, as of yet, there is no overriding standard on how to deal with DC arc-flash calculations and subsequent determination of the PPE requirements for a DC system within the UK. This paper compares various published DC arc-flash calculations using a case study based approach. The paper uses data available...
The huge, ever growing demand for electrical energy has hitherto been primarily met through the combustion of fossil fuels, and conversion of heat liberated therefrom. The relentless exploitation of these resources has raised questions regarding emission of green house gases, particulate pollution, and their harmful effects on environment. It also brings into focus the sustainability of generation...
The requirement of energy storage via battery/EV is highly anticipated in occurrence of power outages. Other benefits include saving the money in buying peak time electricity and support the grid when grid power is deficit against the load demand. In this paper, optimum size of energy storage in a grid connected photovoltaic (PV) system is proposed. The methodology of energy flow decision is developed...
In the generation of electricity it is always challenging to supply the varying demand in a day. As base load power plants cater the power demand throughout the day, the peak power plants have to be operated only during the high demand time. Since the running cost of peak load power plants are extremely high compared to base load plants, the suppliers are always trying to reduce the peak load using...
This paper presents a control strategy for optimal utilization of photovoltaic (PV) generated power in conjunction with an Energy Storage System (ESS). The ESS is specifically designed to be retrofitted into existing PV systems in an end-user application. It can be attached in parallel to the PV system and connects to existing DC/AC inverters. In particular, the study covers the impact such a modification...
This paper presents a control solution designed to improve the dynamic response capability of autonomous microgrids (MGs). For this purpose, an MG-forming inverter (MGFI) controlled to take over the load only in transitory regimes by using a virtual synchronous generator operation mode is proposed. The MGFI, based on a supercapacitor energy storage system, is relived of the permanent load by distributing...
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