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Traditionally unmanned undersea vehicles (UUVs) have been large, complex and expensive. Development of UUVs has been driven by defense and commercial requirements. This has allowed for extensive research and development budgets and long development cycles. This paper briefly discuses these historic drivers and how this situation has changed. It focuses on a new compact affordable UUV. In 2015, several...
One of the most common ways of collecting ocean data is to deploy sensors from the surface, allowing to understand the variation of water properties with depth. Autonomous vertical profilers are robotic vehicles that replace human operators in this task. They form a particular class of autonomous underwater vehicles that move predominantly along the vertical axis, typically with reduced control on...
Presents a low offset current sensing circuit based on switched-capacitor, in which resistance sensing technique is used. Under the control of clock switch, the switched-capacitor integrator could feed the operational amplifier offset voltage back to major circuit as a negative feedback regulator periodically to reduce the influence from the offset to the output. It is shown in the HSPICE simulation...
3-dimensional touch sensing and long battery lifetime are two desired attributes in interactive displays. By employing piezoelectric material and rectifier circuitry related technique, force touch induced charges are used for both force strength detection and energy harvesting, achieving 3dimensional touch sensing and extended battery lifetime at the same time for interactive displays.
The reconfigurable battery array (RBA) can generate different levels of dc voltage for the single phase multilevel inverter (MLI). However, it implies that each battery module inside the RBA will provide different level of energy for the output load. In this paper, single voltage sensing balance (SVSB) method is proposed to equalize the battery modules voltage of the RBA. The proposed SVSB method...
This paper presents a sinusoidal ripple current (SRC) emulator which superimposes an ac ripple current frequency into a dc charging current in order to produce a sinusoidal ripple current without a ripple current controller. It can be used for several purposes: 1) to analyze the impact of ac ripple current magnitude and frequency on the battery internal characteristics; 2) to determine the parameters...
In this paper we propose event goodput, i.e., the fraction of events which may be successfully managed by a system, as a relevant metric to describe the performance of battery powered real-time sensor networks. Unlike other performance metrics as response, completion, maximum lateness times, all representing fundamental, but different, figures of merit for the description of the behavior of real-time...
Passing cloud results in rapid changes of irradiance. The intermittency of PV power output has drawn serious concern when the system is connected to electricity networks. The energy storage system (ESS) is considered as the most promising solution to balance and smooth the PV generation. Consequently, power ramp-rate control (PRRC) has been introduced to avoid significant PV power fluctuations. However,...
In this paper, different energy harvesting solutions for an autonomous miniature wireless sensing node are invista-gated. The communication part is realized with Low Power Wide Area Network (LP-WAN) LoRa technology that combine low-power and long range capabilities. Solar, Thermal and Piezo harvesting techniques are compared for autonomous sensing application.
In this paper, we consider a time-slotted energy harvesting (EH) cognitive radio (CR) network, where the secondary user (SU) is powered by a continual source of energy harvested from ambient environment. Jointly considering the primary user activity on the primary channel, diversity of channel conditions, energy replenishment process as well as the imperfection of spectrum sensing, the SU aims to...
In the mobile internet era, location-based services have been widely used in mobile applications for delivering novel services to end-users. As battery technologies have long been the bottleneck holding back the development of mobile applications, a large body of research has focused on saving energy. This paper proposes an adaptive middleware architecture for mobile applications using location-based...
The safety problem is an important factor restricting the development of electric vehicles which caused by many kinds of faults in the power battery pack. How to diagnose the multiple faults in the battery pack becomes the focus and difficulty. This paper proposes a multi-fault detection method for battery management systems. Instead of measuring the voltage of individual cells, an interleaved connected...
This research aims to prototype a small smart off-grid solar cell system. o provide an alternative electrical supply for a smart Lingzhi mushroom farm. This research applied the use of IOT with voltage and current sensors to measure and monitor the voltage of solar cell charging, amp (ampere) of current charging from the solar panel into a battery and (ampere) of current loading from a battery to...
In this paper, we investigate a new method for lithium battery state-of-charge (SoC) estimation. Our proposed method is based on the well-known bounded-error state estimation with forward-backward propagation. However, instead of describing each variable error propagating in the algorithm by a single error bound (or a single interval), we describe it by families of error bounds. The technique that...
In last few decades, as a result of the advances in microelectromechanical systems, Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) have gained a considerable attention due to their low-cost, low-power and small-scale sensor nodes which are used to integrate sensing, processing, communicating capabilities to solve many different real world problems. The placement of sensor nodes is a very important step to cover...
Most home sensor devices nowadays is based on low data rate and on-demand routing protocol such as Ad hoc On-demand Distance Vector (AODV). This routing protocol has less overhead and good efficiency in term of delivery ratio and bandwidth. AODV has two phases the route discover phase which discover route to the destination devices based on the shortest and the freshest hop, and the data delivery...
Fuel cell technology is considered to be the 21st century of choice for clean and efficient power generation technology, due to a fuel cell itself is a very complex physical and chemical process, the input output are different kinds of physical quantities, so a practical fuel cell must have accurate monitoring and control the performance of these physical quantities. Are briefly introduced in this...
In this paper a stick guide model represented for visually impaired persons to guide in their way, which consist of a Global Positioning System (GPS) and a Global System for Mobile communication (GSM) modules along with sensors like Ultrasonic and Infrared sensors. This is a smart stick that will make the visually impaired persons guiding their way. GPS module is used in this to get the current location...
In this work, communication over a time-correlated point-to-point wireless channel is studied for an energy harvesting (EH) transmitter. In this model, we take into account the time and energy cost of acquiring channel state information. At the beginning of the time slot, the EH transmitter, has to choose among three possible actions: i) deferring the transmission to save its energy for future use,...
In this paper, the focus is on optimal sensor placement and power rating selection for parameter estimation in wireless sensor networks (WSNs). We take into account the amount of energy harvested by the sensing nodes, communication link quality, and the observation accuracy at the sensor level. In particular, the aim is to reconstruct the estimation parameter with minimum error at a fusion center...
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