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Electric propulsion system (EPS) employing Induction Motors (IM) have gained acceptance due to their robust structure, reliability, technological advancement and low cost. This paper presents the technical considerations and design methodology of EPS for urban cars. Direct torque control (DTC) is a prominent technique in controlling the IM due to its easy configuration and fast performance. Nevertheless,...
Presenting a coordinated control algorithm that takes into account both electric stability control (ESC) and drive force assisted steering (DFAS) performance. It introduces the correction factor ki of the driving force when driving the power steering, which designed by fuzzy control the factor with the different vehicle attitude and conditions of the rules of change, and finally the basic control...
In order to realize the differential function of electric vehicle driven by two rear wheel-hub motors, by following the optimal slip ratio of each wheel and equalizing the slip ratio of both drive wheels as target, a electronic differential control strategy based on terminal sliding mode is proposed. First of all, according to the standard μ-λ curve, the optimal slip ratio of the pavement is determined...
In this paper, the impact of transmission gear ratios selection on a Nissan Leaf EV (NLEV) is investigated. The traditional single ratio gearboxes are replaced by multiple ratio ones. The selection of the gear ratio is proved to have a significant impact on electric vehicle's performance and range. A mathematical model of a NLEV is developed for both single and multiple ratio transmission systems...
This paper proposes a novel flux-reversal hybrid magnet memory machine (FR-HMMM), which is geometrically characterized by consequent-pole hybrid magnets mounted on the stator poles. The low-coercive-force (LCF) permanent magnets (PMs) are alternately placed between the adjacent stator slots, while the rare-earth NdFeB PMs are located on the center of stator pole. Due to the consequent pole configuration,...
Energy crisis's due to the depletion of fossil fuel and need of pollution free environment has leaded the world automobile technology to switch over to electrical propulsion system in place of gasoline engine in vehicles. Use of multiphase induction motors as the propulsion drive is the powerful solution for electric vehicle where the overall high system reliability and power distribution per phase...
In this paper, an optimal control allocation strategy is presented for an eight in-wheel-motor independent drive electric vehicle/four double front wheel steering(8WD/4WS). The upper level controller consists of a speed following controller and two sliding mode controllers. The speed tracking controller obtains the desired longitudinal force by tracking the longitudinal speed. Two sliding mode controllers...
Direct torque control using space vector modulation (DTC-SVM) is one of the most popular control methods of induction motor for electric vehicle (eV). This paper proposes DTC-SVM with improved deadbeat control. During uphill and downhill, instant torque changes is problem for drivers. The principle of the developed method is a solution to overcome the torque need on unexpected road conditions. In...
This paper validates the advantage of using an integrated electric vehicle-battery model in torque control application. In the integrated electric vehicle-battery model, battery dynamics is explicitly included in the model. A well-known linear quadratic integral (LQI) design is adopted here to have an optimal controller with zero tracking error. The energy consumption is, however, observed through...
In this paper we analize the behaviour of model predictive control (MPC) on induction machine as an application for electric traction. We did a simulation on MATLAB/SIMULINK of a squirrel cage induction machine fed by a two level voltage inverter controlled by the MPC scheme with an electric vehicle as a load. We present the equations from the induction machine required by the control scheme, the...
The four-wheel torque and the four-wheel corner are controlled independently in the four-wheel independent drive and steering electric vehicle with steer-by-wire system. The road feeling simulation is different from the traditional two-wheel steering vehicle. The paper is suitable for the four-wheel steering vehicle simulation control algorithm. The principle of road feeling simulation control is...
Electric vehicles are already a reality although their development and spread in urban context are encountering resistance especially due to the lack of electric vehicle charging facilities. Small electric in-wheel motors are perfectly suited to urban driving and their low electric energy consumption can also guarantee a sufficient daily mileage. The present paper proposes a rear wheel drive electric...
Electrification offers a great potential for commercial vehicles to significantly reduce energy consumption as well as CO2 and pollutant emissions during operation. The project eLift demonstrates the potential of the electrification of a special-purpose vehicle. A conventional diesel catering truck with hydraulic auxiliary lifting unit is to be replaced by a more efficient electrically driven truck...
In this paper, a suspension control system based on obtaining information from the road traveled by the vehicle is proposed. This data is obteined by a seven degrees of freedom mechanical model, that uses the measures of dynamics variables like the position of the chassis about each wheel and the accelerations of the compartment (suspended mass). With the information obtained from the ground, acceleration...
With the rapid development of electric vehicles, fault tolerance requirements of the motor used in electric vehicles become higher and higher. Multi-phase permanent magnet synchronous motors (PMSM) with their low torque ripple and high reliability and other advantages gradually become the main choice of electric vehicle drive motor. In this paper, taken six-phase double Y-shift 30° windings PMSM as...
Direct-drive in-wheel motors have become an extremely attractive option for electric vehicles. Two kinds of motors are devised, Permanent Magnet Synchronous Motor (PMSM) and Permanent-Magnet Flux-Modulated Motor (PMFM), respectively. Keeping the same back EMF, current density and copper loss, this paper analyzes and compares torque density, torque ripple, flux-weakening performance, speed range, loss...
Modular Cascade Machines (MCM) system is operated as the driving system in Electric Vehicles (EVs). It is comprised by unit motors like series batteries, which can expand the high efficiency region effectively and can be regarded as a redundant system with excellent fault tolerance ability. In this paper, a fast efficiency evaluation method is proposed for a PMSM. Through the proposed method, it is...
This paper compares two torque control methodologies, namely Field Oriented and Model Predictive ones, for monitoring Interior Permanent Magnet Motor (IPMM) over a wide speed range. IPMM magnetic saturation and cross coupling effects are taken into consideration, increasing significantly the precision of the developed controllers. Maximum Torque per Ampere (MTPA) and Field Weakening (FW) operating...
This paper presents a non-linear time-domain dynamic model to support the design, optimization, and characterization of electric vehicles, especially for racing application. The vehicle system is described by means of accurate mathematical models using standard simulation platforms: MATLAB® and CarSim®. The approach is based on co-simulation architecture offering flexibility, accurate dynamic performance,...
The Traction Control System is the foundation to maintain the vehicle tractive performance and stability. In view of the characteristics of distributed driving electric vehicle, a traction control method is designed to control the wheel slip rate by adjusting the motor torque directly. And through reasonable correction to the target wheel speed, a balance of acceleration and stability of automobile...
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