Search results for: Ronald J. Maughan

Items from 1 to 20 out of 23 results

article

Fatigue as a limitation to performance

Derek Ball, Ronald J. Maughan

Experimental Physiology > 106 > 12 > 2291 - 2293

article

Correction to: Considerations in the Use of Body Mass Change to Estimate Change in Hydration Status During a 161-Kilometer Ultramarathon Running Competition

Martin D. Hoffman, Eric D. B. Goulet, Ronald J. Maughan

Sports Medicine > 2018 > 48 > 12 > 2893-2894

In Table 2 of the original publication, an error was made in the calculations for endogenous substrate oxidation which, subsequently, altered the values for total change in body mass.

article

Considerations in the Use of Body Mass Change to Estimate Change in Hydration Status During a 161-Kilometer Ultramarathon Running Competition

Martin D. Hoffman, Eric D. B. Goulet, Ronald J. Maughan

Sports Medicine > 2018 > 48 > 2 > 243-250

Hydration guidelines found in the scientific and popular literature typically advise that body mass losses beyond 2% should be avoided during exercise. In this work, we demonstrate that these guidelines are not applicable to prolonged exercise of several hours where body mass loss does not reflect an equivalent loss of body water due to the effects of body mass change from substrate use, release of...

article

Hydration amongst nurses and doctors on-call (the HANDS on prospective cohort study)

Ahmed M. El-Sharkawy, Damian Bragg, Phillip Watson, Keith Neal, more

Clinical Nutrition > 2016 > 35 > 4 > 935-942

Dehydration of as little 2% of total body weight may impair physical and cognitive performance. The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of dehydration at the start and end of shifts in nurses and doctors on-call. The secondary aims were to assess the relation between hydration status and cognitive function.This prospective cohort study was conducted on nurses and doctors working on...

article

Effects of solar radiation on endurance exercise capacity in a hot environment

Hidenori Otani, Mitsuharu Kaya, Akira Tamaki, Phillip Watson, more

European Journal of Applied Physiology > 2016 > 116 > 4 > 769-779

Purpose The present study investigated the effects of variations in solar radiation on endurance exercise capacity and thermoregulatory responses in a hot environment. Methods Eight male volunteers performed four cycle exercise trials at 70 % maximum oxygen uptake until exhaustion in an environmental chamber maintained at 30 °C and 50 % relative humidity. Volunteers were tested under four solar...

article

Mild hypohydration increases the frequency of driver errors during a prolonged, monotonous driving task

Phillip Watson, Andrew Whale, Stephen A. Mears, Louise A. Reyner, more

Physiology & Behavior > 2015 > 147 > C > 313-318

The aim of the present study was to examine the effect of mild hypohydration on performance during a prolonged, monotonous driving task.Eleven healthy males (age 22±4y) were instructed to consume a volume of fluid in line with published guidelines (HYD trial) or 25% of this intake (FR trial) in a crossover manner. Participants came to the laboratory the following morning after an overnight fast. One...

article

Exercise Metabolism: Historical Perspective

John A. Hawley, Ronald J. Maughan, Mark Hargreaves

Cell Metabolism > 2015 > 22 > 1 > 12-17

The past 25 years have witnessed major advances in our knowledge of how exercise activates cellular, molecular, and biochemical pathways with regulatory roles in training response adaptation, and how muscle “cross-talk” with other organs is a mechanism by which physical activity exerts its beneficial effects on “whole-body” health. However, during the late 19^th and early 20^th centuries, scientific...

article

Short-term dietary supplementation with fructose accelerates gastric emptying of a fructose but not a glucose solution

Adora M.W. Yau, John McLaughlin, Ronald J. Maughan, William Gilmore, more

Nutrition > 2014 > 30 > 11-12 > 1344-1348

Short-term dietary glucose supplementation has been shown to accelerate the gastric emptying rate of both glucose and fructose solutions. The aim of this study was to examine gastric emptying rate responses to monosaccharide ingestion following short-term dietary fructose supplementation.The gastric emptying rate of a fructose solution containing 36 g of fructose and an equicaloric glucose solution...

article

Evidence‐based evaluation of potential benefits and safety of beta‐alanine supplementation for military personnel

Richard Ko, Tieraona Low Dog, Dennis KJ Gorecki, Louis R Cantilena, more

Nutrition Reviews > 72 > 3 > 217 - 225

This Department of Defense‐sponsored evidence‐based review evaluates the safety and putative outcomes of enhancement of athletic performance or improved recovery from exhaustion in studies involving beta‐alanine alone or in combination with other ingredients. Beta‐alanine intervention studies and review articles were collected from 13 databases, and safety information was collected from adverse event...

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Metabolic profiling of human saliva before and after induced physiological stress by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography–ion mobility–mass spectrometry

Aditya Malkar, Neil A. Devenport, Helen J. Martin, Pareen Patel, more

Metabolomics > 2013 > 9 > 6 > 1192-1201

A method has been developed for metabolite profiling of the salivary metabolome based on protein precipitation and ultra-high performance liquid chromatography coupled with ion mobility-mass spectrometry (UHPLC–IM–MS). The developed method requires 0.5 mL of human saliva, which is easily obtainable by passive drool. Standard protocols have been established for the collection, storage and pre-treatment...

article

Combined walking exercise and alkali therapy in patients with CKD4–5 regulates intramuscular free amino acid pools and ubiquitin E3 ligase expression

Emma L. Watson, George C. Kosmadakis, Alice C. Smith, Joao L. Viana, more

European Journal of Applied Physiology > 2013 > 113 > 8 > 2111-2124

Muscle-wasting in chronic kidney disease (CKD) arises from several factors including sedentary behaviour and metabolic acidosis. Exercise is potentially beneficial but might worsen acidosis through exercise-induced lactic acidosis. We studied the chronic effects of exercise in CKD stage 4–5 patients (brisk walking, 30 min, 5 times/week), and non-exercising controls; each group receiving standard oral...

article

Acute tryptophan depletion does not improve endurance cycling capacity in a warm environment

Ruth M. Hobson, Phillip Watson, Ronald J. Maughan

Amino Acids > 2013 > 44 > 3 > 983-991

Newsholme’s theory of central fatigue suggests that acute tryptophan depletion should improve endurance exercise capacity in a warm environment by reducing serotonergic activity in the brain. Eight males cycled to volitional exhaustion at 55 % $$ \dot{V}{\rm O}_{2} $$ peak in 30.1 ± 0.5 °C and 30 ± 7 % relative humidity on two separate occasions, after consuming either an amino acid load to deplete...

article

Hydration, morbidity, and mortality in vulnerable populations

Ronald J Maughan

Nutrition Reviews > 70 > s2 > S152 - S155

Both acute and chronic fluid deficits have been shown to be associated with a number of adverse health outcomes. At the extreme, deprivation of water for more than a few days inevitably leads to death, but even modest fluid deficits may precipitate adverse events, especially in young children, in the frail elderly and in those with poor health. Epidemiological studies have shown an association, although...

article

Investigating the associations between hydration and exercise performance: methodology and limitations

Ronald J Maughan

Nutrition Reviews > 70 > s2 > S128 - S131

Loss of body water, if sufficiently severe, impairs most physiological functions, but the body water content fluctuates over the course of a normal day with no implications for physical or mental performance. The point at which an effect of dehydration becomes apparent has been the subject of much debate, in part, at least, because of the different tests that have been applied, differences in the...

article

Influence of relative humidity on prolonged exercise capacity in a warm environment

Ronald J. Maughan, Hidenori Otani, Phillip Watson

European Journal of Applied Physiology > 2012 > 112 > 6 > 2313-2321

This study examined the influence of relative humidity on endurance exercise performance in a warm environment. Eight male volunteers performed four cycle exercise trials at 70% maximum oxygen uptake until volitional exhaustion in an environmental chamber maintained at 30.2 ± 0.2°C. Volunteers were tested under four relative humidity (rh) conditions: 24, 40, 60 and 80%. Core and weighted mean skin...

article

Postexercise rehydration in man: The effects of osmolality and carbohydrate content of ingested drinks

Gethin H. Evans, Susan M. Shirreffs, Ronald J. Maughan

Nutrition > 2009 > 25 > 9 > 905-913

This study investigated the effect of the osmolality and carbohydrate content of drinks on their rehydration effectiveness after exercise-induced dehydration.Six healthy male volunteers were dehydrated by 1.9±0.1% of body mass by intermittent cycle ergometer exercise in the heat before ingesting one of three solutions with different carbohydrate contents and osmolalities over a period of 1h. Thirty...

article

Effects of milk ingestion on prolonged exercise capacity in young, healthy men

Jason K.W. Lee, Ronald J. Maughan, Susan M. Shirreffs, Phillip Watson

Nutrition > 2008 > 24 > 4 > 340-347

The effects of fluid intake during prolonged exercise have been extensively studied but at present there exists little information on the effects of milk-based drinks on the response to prolonged exercise. Thus, the purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of milk-based drinks on exercise capacity.Eight healthy males (age 24 ± 4 y, height 1.76 ± 0.04 m, mass 68.9 ± 9.5 kg, body fat 12...

article

A comparison of the effects of milk and a carbohydrate-electrolyte drink on the restoration of fluid balance and exercise capacity in a hot, humid environment

Phillip Watson, Thomas D. Love, Ronald J. Maughan, Susan M. Shirreffs

European Journal of Applied Physiology > 2008 > 104 > 4 > 633-642

Following a 2.0 ± 0.1% body mass loss induced by intermittent exercise in the heat, seven male volunteers ingested either a carbohydrate–electrolyte solution (CE) or skimmed milk (M) in a volume equal to 150% of body mass loss. At the end of the 3 h recovery period, subjects were essentially in positive fluid balance on trial M (191 ± 162 mL), and euhydrated on trial CE (−135 ± 392 mL) despite being...

article

Rehydration with drinks differing in sodium concentration and recovery from moderate exercise-induced hypohydration in man

Stuart J. Merson, Ronald J. Maughan, Susan M. Shirreffs

European Journal of Applied Physiology > 2008 > 103 > 5 > 585-594

To investigate how differing moderate sodium chloride concentrations affect rehydration after exercise and subsequent exercise capacity, eight males lost 1.98 ± 0.1% body mass exercising in the heat, then consumed one of four drinks in a volume equivalent to 150% of mass loss. Drinks were identical except for sodium chloride content (1 ± 1, 31 ± 1, 40 ± 1, 50 ± 1 mmol/l). After 4 h recovery subjects...

article

Nutrition for soccer players

Ronald J. Maughan, Susan M. Shirreffs

Current Sports Medicine Reports > 2007 > 6 > 5 > 279-280

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INFONA - science communication portal

Search results for: Ronald J. Maughan

Fatigue as a limitation to performance

Correction to: Considerations in the Use of Body Mass Change to Estimate Change in Hydration Status During a 161-Kilometer Ultramarathon Running Competition

Considerations in the Use of Body Mass Change to Estimate Change in Hydration Status During a 161-Kilometer Ultramarathon Running Competition

Hydration amongst nurses and doctors on-call (the HANDS on prospective cohort study)

Effects of solar radiation on endurance exercise capacity in a hot environment

Mild hypohydration increases the frequency of driver errors during a prolonged, monotonous driving task

Exercise Metabolism: Historical Perspective

Short-term dietary supplementation with fructose accelerates gastric emptying of a fructose but not a glucose solution

Evidence‐based evaluation of potential benefits and safety of beta‐alanine supplementation for military personnel

Metabolic profiling of human saliva before and after induced physiological stress by ultra-high performance liquid chromatography–ion mobility–mass spectrometry

Combined walking exercise and alkali therapy in patients with CKD4–5 regulates intramuscular free amino acid pools and ubiquitin E3 ligase expression

Acute tryptophan depletion does not improve endurance cycling capacity in a warm environment

Hydration, morbidity, and mortality in vulnerable populations

Investigating the associations between hydration and exercise performance: methodology and limitations

Influence of relative humidity on prolonged exercise capacity in a warm environment

Postexercise rehydration in man: The effects of osmolality and carbohydrate content of ingested drinks

Effects of milk ingestion on prolonged exercise capacity in young, healthy men

A comparison of the effects of milk and a carbohydrate-electrolyte drink on the restoration of fluid balance and exercise capacity in a hot, humid environment

Rehydration with drinks differing in sodium concentration and recovery from moderate exercise-induced hypohydration in man

Nutrition for soccer players

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