Filosofický časopis (Philosophical Journal)

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K iberoamerické filosofii

Z. Kourim

Filosofický časopis (Philosophical Journal) > 2004 > 52 > 1 > 37-56

The article is concerned with certain aspects of contemporary philosophy in the Spanish speaking community. It reports on three of the most important meetings of philosophers which took place on the occasion of the one-hundredth anniversary 1898-1998 in Spain and in Latin America. Attention is paid in particular to the first Ibero-American Philosophical Congress; in light of its significance, a full...

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Pragmatismus v Číně

Chengbing Wang, Shoukan Yang

Filosofický časopis (Philosophical Journal) > 2004 > 52 > 1 > 14-36

Pragmatism has a long history in China and has exerted great influence since 1919. The experience of Pragmatism to a great extent reflects the tortuous course of western philosophy in China. This paper explores the fate of Pragmatism in China against the broader social and cultural background. It will lay out the different stages of the spread of and research on Pragmatism in China. It claims that...

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Surviving time in the thought of today's Maya

P. Binkova

Filosofický časopis (Philosophical Journal) > 2004 > 52 > 1 > 57-65

A long-term study of the material preserved concerning the structure, character and modes of organization of the Maya shows that for them the concept of time represents one of the main bases for the perception of the world and universe as well as for grasping the existence of individual as such. The intensity with which this ancient civilization focussed on the concept of time is given by the fact...

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Jürgen Habermas a utopie věčného míru

J. Velek

Filosofický časopis (Philosophical Journal) > 2004 > 52 > 2 > 231-253

The article is devoted to the legal and political philosophy of J. Habermas. In a number of steps which link up with each other, the author attempts to demonstrate that there is an internal dependence between Habermas' conception of 'domestic' (J. Rawls) and 'global' justice. Habermas' reconstruction of the circular methods of settng up facticity and validity of law can be understood as a basis on...

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Pravda bojující?

B. Loewenstein

Filosofický časopis (Philosophical Journal) > 2004 > 52 > 3 > 357-370

The article examines a) Rádl's concept of the responsibility of the intellectual for their society and b) his historical thought. The philosophical activism of this Czech biologist and philosopher (1873-1942), which certainly has something to do with influences from the 'philosophy of life', is put into relation with the traditional role of the writer as the nation's conscience, with the strong impression...

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K Meinongově etické koncepci

V. Hala

Filosofický časopis (Philosophical Journal) > 2004 > 52 > 3 > 371-391

The author focuses on the interpretation of the basic questions in A. Meinong's conception of ethics. He sets out from Meinong's theory of objects, in which he sees the foundation of the conception, especially in so far as is concerned the application of its basic categories - objects, objectives, dignitatives and desideratives - to the axiological and ethical fields. The author emphasises that it...

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Locke o revoluci

Jiří Chotaš

Filosofický časopis (Philosophical Journal) > 2005 > 53 > 1 > 85-98

The author argues that Locke’s theory of revolution in his Two Treatises of Government and in the first Letter on Toleration is written in support of the people’s struggle against their rulers for civil and religious liberty. To this end he gives an interpretation of Locke’s argument, which can be broken down into two distinct claims. Firstly, that the power of rulers (and of government) may be understood...

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Jak se stal Locke málem deistou?

Miloš Dokulil

Filosofický časopis (Philosophical Journal) > 2005 > 53 > 1 > 99-123

1. The outer frame of our question Questions have been inherited, together with various responses to them. But, in the ripeness of time, both the standpoints and prerequisites for their solution have changed. The „Moderns“ of the 17th century cannot have suspected much how, and in what way, their age was „new“. Between the tercentenaries of Locke’s birth and death the prerequisites for a solution...

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Primární kvality, sekundární kvality a princip impulsu

James Hill

Filosofický časopis (Philosophical Journal) > 2005 > 53 > 1 > 51-66

In this article the author puts forward an interpretation of Locke’s famous chapter on primary and secondary qualities, chapter 8 of Book II of The Essay concerning Human Understanding. It is argued that the key to the distinction is the thought that the causal processes of perception must conform to what the author calls Locke’s impulse principle. This principle, found at E.II.viii.11, as well as...

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Lockovy nominální esence: ideje nebo kvality?

Jan Palkoska

Filosofický časopis (Philosophical Journal) > 2005 > 53 > 1 > 33-50

In this article I discuss the issue of the reference of Locke’s term nominal essence as employed in An Essay Concerning Human Understanding with regard to the domain of Lockean natural reality. I show it is hard to reconcile the textual evidence with any easy solution in terms of the strict identification of Lockean nominal essences either with abstract ideas alone or with the qualities of things...

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Lockův skromný návrh nauky o znacích

Petr Glombíček

Filosofický časopis (Philosophical Journal) > 2005 > 53 > 1 > 67-83

The article concerns Locke’s philosophy of language. After presenting Locke’s theory of meaning and his motivation for introducing it, the author summarises Locke’s taxonomy of signs and thereby shows that Locke is introducing a concept of the conventional sign as a symptom of belief (not as an icon for a thing or a state of things). On this basis, and on the basis of Locke’s division of the sciences,...

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Locke, Platón a platonismus

John Rogers

Filosofický časopis (Philosophical Journal) > 2005 > 53 > 1 > 7-21

It is often taken for granted that Locke ’s epistemology is about as far away from Plato as it could be. The denial of innate ideas in the first book of the Essay Concerning Human Understanding seems to mark an unbridgeable gulf between them.Yet, a closer look at the actual content of Locke’s book suggests much more agreement than is usually supposed. Although Plato was not much to the fore in Oxford...

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Kognitivní psychologie a Lockův podíl na utváření novověké filosofie

Josef Moural

Filosofický časopis (Philosophical Journal) > 2005 > 53 > 1 > 23-32

There are four major views of the formation of modern philosophy: the crucial role has been, subsequently, ascribed to Bacon, to Descartes, to Locke, and to the reception of Hellenistic philosophy (culminating in the late 16th and early 17th century). Now historical periodization is normally neither true nor false, it can be just more or less fruitful and/or misleading. Thus, it is not our task to...

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Teologické zdůvodnění Cantorovy teorie množin

Kateřina Trlifajová

Filosofický časopis (Philosophical Journal) > 2005 > 53 > 2 > 195-218

Discussions surrounding the nature of the infinite in mathematics have been under way for two millennia. Mathematicians, philosophers, and theologians have all taken part. The basic question has been whether the infinite exists only in potential or whether it exists in actuality. Only at the end of the 19th century a set theory was created that works with the actual infinite. Initially this theory...

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Sortální termíny a problém identity

Daniel Heider

Filosofický časopis (Philosophical Journal) > 2005 > 53 > 2 > 167-194

The article deals with sortal terms and the problem of identity and argues that they both are one of the most important sources for Aristotelianism in the contemporary analytical metaphysics. The criteria and the use of sortal terms show that they should be sharply distinguished from other types of terms (attributive terms, mass terms, dummy sortals). The semantical and syntactical classification...

artykuł

Je „logická analýza přirozeného jazyka“ možná?

Pavel Materna

Filosofický časopis (Philosophical Journal) > 2005 > 53 > 2 > 267-276

Whereas attaching meaning to „semi-expressions“ is a contingent, empirical pheno¬menon, the expressions as pairs possess the meaning a priori, necessarily. Therefore logical analysis of natural language can be realized, since its subject matter is finding logical relations between meanings of particular expressions.

artykuł

Kuhn versus Popper

Zuzana Parusniková

Filosofický časopis (Philosophical Journal) > 2005 > 53 > 2 > 219-241

The paper discusses the main themes of the Kuhn Popper controversy. Popper defends the possibility of a rational reconstruction of science, objective truth and normative methodology. Kuhn emphasizes the historical and sociological aspects of the development of science, the relativity of truth, and the incommensurability of paradigms. The author confronts these two opposing conceptions of the philosophy...

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Descartes a principy vědeckého poznání

Daniel Špelda

Filosofický časopis (Philosophical Journal) > 2005 > 53 > 2 > 243-265

This article attempts to explain Descartes’ understanding of the possibilities, objectives, and functions of scientific knowledge in the Principia philosophiae. In the standard interpretation the scientific system in the Principia is constructed deductively, but a deeper examination shows that Descartes’ understanding very much resembles the voluntarism of late medieval nominalist theology. He emphasises...

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Klaus Michael Meyer-Abich: Filosofie rozšířeného komunitarismu

Vlastimil Hála

Filosofický časopis (Philosophical Journal) > 2007 > 55 > 2 > 209-228

The central thought of K. M. Meyer-Abich is his conception of nature as a community not only of all living beings, but also of the “elements” constituting nature, and of “artefacts”. Instead of the environment (“Umwelt”) the author thus speaks of “the world as a community (“Mitwelt”)”. Meyer-Abich characterises his conception not as (merely) biocentric but rather as “physiocentric”. He uses the title...

artykuł

K problému evoluční gnoseologie

Josef

Filosofický časopis (Philosophical Journal) > 2007 > 55 > 2 > 189-208

Evolutionary epistemology differs from classical epistemology in that human conceptual knowledge is understood not only as the acquisition of socio-cultural information, but also as the ontic procedure of culture. The thesis is advanced that knowledge is the necessary condition of the existence of all open non-linear systems with internal information, and that therefore all living and cultural systems...

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Filosofický časopis (Philosophical Journal)

K iberoamerické filosofii

Pragmatismus v Číně

Surviving time in the thought of today's Maya

Jürgen Habermas a utopie věčného míru

Pravda bojující?

K Meinongově etické koncepci

Locke o revoluci

Jak se stal Locke málem deistou?

Primární kvality, sekundární kvality a princip impulsu

Lockovy nominální esence: ideje nebo kvality?

Lockův skromný návrh nauky o znacích

Locke, Platón a platonismus

Kognitivní psychologie a Lockův podíl na utváření novověké filosofie

Teologické zdůvodnění Cantorovy teorie množin

Sortální termíny a problém identity

Je „logická analýza přirozeného jazyka“ možná?

Kuhn versus Popper

Descartes a principy vědeckého poznání

Klaus Michael Meyer-Abich: Filosofie rozšířeného komunitarismu

K problému evoluční gnoseologie

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